Chapter 3 Flashcards
Braxton-Hicks Contractions
The first uterine contractions; false labour contractions that are painless. around 6 months and increases through out pregnancy
Symptoms that Childbirth will start?
-pelvic pressure increases and may rupture blood vessels which secrete through the vagina
-mucus is dislodged
-amniotic sac will burst (water broke)
-mother experience diarrhea, backache
-oxytocin is secreted which stimulates more powerful contractions
1st Stage of Childbirth
uterine contractions efface and dilate the cervix
2nd Stage of Childbirth
begins with movement of the baby into the birth canal and ends with birth of the baby
3rd Stage of Childbirth
The placenta separates from the uterine wall and is expelled through the birth canal
what is a Midwife and what does she do?
Midwife means “with mother” and they are healthcare professionals with training in the birth of infants.
Two types of Anesthesia
General and local
General Anesthesia
putting a women to sleep by injecting narcotics: reduces baby responsiveness of baby but no long term negative effects
Local Anesthetics
Doesn’t put mother to sleep, instead it numbs the genitals or waist down like the epidural
Caesarean Section
Doctors delivers baby by an incision made in uterus and abdomen and then sewn
Two types of oxygen deprivation?
Anoxia and Hypoxia. They both can impair the development of the fetus’s central nervous system, leading to cognitive, motor, memory, psychological problems
Difference between preterm and near term?
Preterm: birth between 37 weeks
Near term: birth between 34-36
What is the postpartum period?
It refers to the weeks following delivery.
Postpartum depression
a mood disorder that new mothers can experience. extreme feelings of sadness, indifference, exhaustion, worthlessness, insomnia etc.
Bonding
Is essential for the survival and well-being of the children.
It is the attachment between parents and their children
The Apgar Scale?
-Used to assess health of baby at birth. 7+ is good and healthy
4 areas of Behavior according to Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale
- motor behavior 2. response to stress 3. adaptive behavior 4. control over physiological state
Rooting reflex
Baby turns head and mouth towards a stimulus that strokes cheek, shin, or corner of mouth. ie. sucking on nipple
Moro Reflex
The startle response. Back arches and legs and arms are flung out and then brought back toward chest, with arms in a hugging motion.
Grasping Reflex
aka palmar reflex - refers to the increasing tendency to reflexively grasp fingers or other objects when pressed against palm of hands
Stepping Reflex
Mimics walking, feet would press on a solid when held in arms
Babinski Reflex
occurs when underside of foot from heel to toes is stroked, toes are fanned or spread
Tonic-Neck Reflex
Is observed when baby is lying on its back and turns its head to one side; arm and leg on the side extend, while limbs on opposite side flex
Newborn vision capabilities
-they are nearsighted, can see 7-9 inch from their eyes
- can track or follow movement
Newborn hearing capabilities
fetuses respond to sound months before being born; jump to loud noises
Newborn smelling capabilities
newborns can discriminate distinct odour’s. Turn away from unpleasant odours
Newborn taste capabilities
sensitive to different tastes, facial expressions show positive and negative responses
Newborn Touch capabilities
skin against skin for newborn provides feeling of protection and vital to infant brain development.
newborn sleep and waking
-sleep 16 hours a day, which is good for brain development
-six cycles of waking and sleeping per day
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
aka crib death, strikes when a baby is sleeping
how babies communicate
y crying: could mean hungry, pain, discomfort, tired, anger. each has a different pitch
