Chapter 3 Flashcards
A servant labor system in the British colonies was made possible by the New World’s labor shortage and
the decrease in job opportunities in England
How had political equality in Virginia actually decreased by 1670?
Only male landowners and heads of households could vote
What was an employer required to give a servant after she or he completed an indenture?
Freedom dues
Bacon’s Rebellion erupted in 1676 as a dispute over Indian policy and ended as a conflict between
the planter elite and small farmers
What happened in Virginia after Nathaniel Bacon’s death?
Royal officials nullified Bacon’s Laws
Virginia tobacco farmers confronted what major obstacle in the 1600s?
Too few workers
Which factor led King James to revoke the Virginia Company charter and make Virginia a royal colony in 1624?
A report highlighting the mismanagement of the Virginia Company
Indentured servants in the Chesapeake could have their servitude extended by years if they
committed a crime
The slave population grew in Barbados because
planters imported more slaves from Africa
How did Powhatan help the English stave off starvation?
He brought corn to the colony for barter
Most indentured servants in the Chesapeake came from which class?
Poor men from England
Which statement describes the sugar economy of Barbados in 1680?
The wealthiest Barbadians were four times richer than Chesapeake tobacco farmers
By 1700, the British Caribbean annually exported nearly 50 million pounds of
sugar
What happened in Maryland, Lord Baltimore’s planned refuge for Catholics?
Catholics feuded with the Protestant majority
By the 1670s, the Chesapeake social structure was polarized along what lines?
Land Ownership
Which statement characterizes most hired workers in the Chesapeake?
Workers earned two to three times more in the Chesapeake than in England
Why did planters maintain the servant system through the 1680s?
Free people preferred to work for themselves
How did indentured servitude differ between women and men in the Chesapeake?
Women servants could not marry
Unlike servants in England, Chesapeake servants
had no control over who purchased their labor
How did the English of the Virginia Company differ from the Spanish colonists in the New World?
The English cared less about converting Indians to Christianity
Which profitable export crop depended on the expertise of slaves brought from West Africa to Carolina?
Rice
The slave labor system that was introduced to the Chesapeake was “exported” from
Barbados
How did the decline in the price of tobacco in the third quarter of the seventeenth century change the Chesapeake?
Social divisions emerged
Why did the colonies shift from an indentured servant labor force to a slave labor force?
Slavery provided a perpetual labor force
Why did Powhatan behave as he did toward the English colonists?
Impressed by their God, saw them better as allies than enemies, benefited from trade
Why did the vast majority of European immigrants to the Chesapeake come as indentured servants?
Gave them hope, a chance to start over, escape suppression, get money
Why did the Chesapeake colonial society become increasingly polarized between 1650 and 1670?
oversupply of tobacco lowered prices in Europe; more servants survived their indentures, leading to a larger and more discontented group of landless freemen; and a declining mortality rate allowed long-time farmers to compound their successes and encouraged the formation of a planter elite
Why had slave labor largely displaced indentured servant by 1700 in Chesapeake tobacco production?
Slaves were for life, descendants of slaves were also slaves, no freedom dues
Reasons for Europeans to Migrate to the Americas (3)
Political, Social, and Economic Issues
Joint Stock Colony
Colonies given to private companies to make money, company owns town and makes decisions
Proprietary Colonies
Land given to individuals to create colonies, they can run it how ever they want
Royal Colonies
Governed by the crown itself
What was Bacon’s Rebellion?
Started with attacks on Native Tribes, then attacks on the governor, then tried to take over Jamestown, eventually rules were put in place to ensure this wouldn’t happen again, people started using slaves because of the rebellion
Headright Systems
When a Virginian payed for someones boat ride to the New World they got 50 acres of land
