Chapter 3 Flashcards
Manufacturability
The ease with which a product can be made.
Product design
The process of defining all of the product’s characteristics.
Service design
The process of establishing all the characteristics of the service, including physical, sensual, and psychological benefits.
Benchmarking
The process of studying the practices of companies considered “best-in-class” and comparing your company’s performance against theirs.
Reverse engineering
The process of disassembling a product to analyze its design features.
Break-even analysis
A technique used to compute the amount of goods a company would need to sell to cover its costs.
Design for manufacture (DFM)
A series of guidelines to follow in order to produce a product easily and profitably.
Product life cycle
A series of stages that products pass through in their lifetime, characterized by changing product demands over time.
Concurrent engineering
An approach that brings together multifunction teams in the early phase of product design in order to simultaneously design the
product and the process.
Remanufacturing
The concept of using components of old products in the production of new ones.
Intermittent operations
Processes used to produce a variety of products with different processing requirements in lower volumes.
Repetitive operations
Processes used to produce one or a few standardized products in high volume.
Project process
A type of process used to make a one-at-a-time product exactly to customer specifications.
Batch process
A type of process used to produce a small quantity of products in groups or batches based on customer orders or specifications.
Line process
A type of process used to produce a large volume of a standardized product.
Continuous process
A type of process that operates continually to produce a high volume of a fully standardized product.
Process flow analysis
A technique used for evaluating a process in terms of the sequence of steps from inputs to outputs with the goal of improving its design.
Process flowchart
A chart showing the sequence of steps in producing the product or service.
Bottleneck
Longest task in the process.
Make-to-stock strategy
Produces standard products and services for immediate sale or delivery.
Assemble-to-order strategy
Produces standard components that can be combined to customer specifications.
Make-to-order strategy
Produces products to customer specifications after an order has been received.
Process performance metrics
Measurements of different process characteristics that tell how a process is performing.
Throughput time
Average amount of time it takes a product to move through the system
Process velocity
Ratio of throughput time to value-added time. A measure of wasted time in the system
Productivity Ratio of outputs over inputs
A measure of how well a company uses its resources
Utilization
Ratio of time a resource is used to time it is available for use. The proportion of time a resource is actually used.
Efficiency
Ratio of actual output to standard output. Measures performance relative to a standard
Automation
Using machinery to perform work without human operators.
Service package
A grouping of physical, sensual, and psychological benefits that are purchased together as part of the service.
