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IS Prelims > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

A computer is a combination of components that perform input, processing, output, storage, and control functions

A

Computer system

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2
Q

. The main processing component of a computer
system

A

CPU

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3
Q

A measure of computer speed in terms of processor cycles

A

Cycles per second

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4
Q

Devices for consumers to access the Internet.

A

Information appliance

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4
Q

The memory of a computer

A

Primary storage unit

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4
Q

Magnetic disks and tape and optical disks perform
this function

A

Secondary storagE

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4
Q

Input/output and secondary storage devices for a computer system.

A

Peripherals

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5
Q

Connected to and controlled by a CPU.

A

Online

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6
Q

Separate from and not controlled by a CPU

A

Offline

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7
Q

Results from the presence or absence or change in direction of electric current, magnetic fields, or light rays in computer circuits and media

A

Binary representation

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8
Q

. A common computer interface using a desktop metaphor and icon

A

Graphical user interface

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9
Q

Can be a desktop/laptop or handheld computer.

A

Microcomputer

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10
Q

A computer category between microcomputers and mainframes

A

Midrange system

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11
Q

A small, portable magnetic disk encased in a thin plastic shell.

A

Floppy disk

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12
Q

A large-capacity disk typically found in computer systems.

A

Hard disk

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12
Q

Low-cost microcomputers for use with the Internet and corporate intranet

A

Network computer

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13
Q

A redundant array of inexpensive hard drives.

A

RAID (redundant array of
independent disks)

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14
Q

A terminal that depends on network servers for its software and processing power.

A

Network termina

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15
Q

A computer that manages network communications and resources

A

Network server

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16
Q

The most powerful type of computer.

A

Supercomputer

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17
Q

A magnetic tape technology for credit cards.

A

Magnetic stripe

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18
Q

One-billionth of a second.

A

Nanosecond

18
Q

Roughly 1 billion characters of storage.

A

Gigabyte

19
Q

Includes electronic mice, trackballs, pointing
sticks, and touch pads

A

Pointing devices

20
Q

Early midrange systems used for processing-intensive applications such as scientific research and engineering analysis.

A

Minicomputer

21
Q

The largest of the three main types of computers

A

Mainframe system

22
Q

processor power measured in terms of number of
instructions processed.

A

MIPS (million instructions per
second)

23
Q

The prediction that computer power will double approximately every 18 to 24 months.

A

Moore’s law

24
Q

Promises to be the easiest, most natural way to communicate with computers

A

Speech recognition

25
Q

Capturing data by processing light reflected from image

A

Optical scanning

26
Q

The speed of a computer.

A

Processing spee

27
Q

One one-thousandth of a second.

A

Millisecond

28
Q

1,024 bytes.

A

Kilobyte

29
Q

A device with a keyboard and a video display networked to a computer is a typical example.

A

Computer terminaL

30
Q

The amount of data a storage device can hold.

A

Storage capacity (

31
Q

A personal computer used as a technical
workstation.

A

Workstation computer

32
Q

The smallest unit of data storage.

A

Bit (

33
Q

One trillion bytes

A

Terabyte

34
Q

You cannot erase the contents of these storage circuits.

A

ROM (read-only memory

35
Q

The memory of most computers consists of these storage circuits.

A

RAM (random-access
memory)

36
Q

The property that determines whether data are lost or retained when power fails.

A

Volatility

37
Q

Each position of storage can be accessed in approximately the same time

A

dIRECT ACESS

38
Q

Each position of storage can be accessed according to a predetermined order

A

Sequential accesS

39
Q

Microelectronic storage circuits on silicon chips.

A

Semiconductor memory

40
Q

Uses magnetic spots on metal or plastic disk

A

Magnetic disks

41
Q

Uses magnetic spots on plastic tape.

A

Magnetic tape

42
Q

Uses a laser to read microscopic points on plastic disks.

A

Optical disks

43
Q

A millionth of a second.

A

Microsecond

44
Q

A trillionth of a second.

A

Picosecond

45
Q

A grouping of eight bits that represents one alphabetic or special character

A

Byte

46
Q

A short-range wireless technology most commonly used to tag, track, and identify obj

A

RFID (radio frequency
identification)

47
Q

Around a million bytes; more precisely, 2 to the 20th power.

A

Megabyte

48
Q

A unit of information or computer storage is equal to one quadrillion bytes, or 1,024 terabytes.

A

Petabyte

IS Prelims (14 decks)

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