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CNA > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Physiological needs (body)

A

(Food, shelter, activity, sleep, comfort)

Food
H20
Protection and shelter
Activity
Sleep
Rest
Comfort

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2
Q

Psychosocial needs (mental health)

A

(love, acceptance, security, independence, socializing, self esteem) Love and affection
Acceptance
Safety and security
Self reliance and independence
Contact with others
Success and self esteem

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3
Q

What affects psychological needs?

A

Health and well-being

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4
Q

Sexual needs continue for

A

Rest of lives

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5
Q

Masturbation

A

Touch or rub sexual organs to give pleasure

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6
Q

Hierarchy of needs

A

Physiological
Safety and security

Love
Self esteem
Self actualization

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7
Q

What should you do if you find sexual encounters where 2 adults consent.

A

Give privacy and leave

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8
Q

What should you do if a resident wants to visit a religious leader?

A

Report to nurse

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9
Q

What should you do if a religious leader arrives

A

Allow for privacy

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10
Q

Holistic care

A

Caring for mind and body. Whole person

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11
Q

When bathing residents you should

A

Take time to talk to them

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12
Q

Losses resident might be experiencing

A

Spouse
Work
Go to favorite place
Church
Home and personal possessions
Health and independence
Pets
Loss of acceptance lgbtq

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13
Q

Independence

A

Not relying money, ADLs, social activities

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14
Q

Feelings that occur when you lose independence

A

-poor self image
-anger towards caregivers, others self
-helplessness, sadness, hopelessness,
-useless
Anxiety and depression

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15
Q

Cultural diversity

A

Variety of people with different backgrounds and experiences living together

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16
Q

Race

A

Physical characteristics shared by common ancestry

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17
Q

Ethnicity

A

Race, culture, nationality, language

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18
Q

Activity

A

Improves and maintains physical and mental health

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19
Q

Meaningful activities improve

A

Independence
Memory
Self esteem
Quality of life

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20
Q

Physical activity regulates

A

Risk of heart disease
Colon cancer
Diabetes
Obesity
Anxiety
Depression
Mood
Concentration
Body function
Risk of falls
Sleep quality
Ability to cope with stress
Increase energy
Increase appetite and eating habits

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21
Q

Inactivity and immobility cause

A

Low self esteem
Anxiety
Depression
Boredom
Pneumonia
Utis
Skin breakdown pressure sores
Constipation
Blood clots
Dulled senses

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22
Q

Obra requires

A

Activities program

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23
Q

Nuclear family

A

2 parents children

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24
Q

Extended family

A

Parents, children, grandchildren, grandparents, aunts
Uncles, friends

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25
Q

Blended families

A

Divorced or widowed parents

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26
Q

How does family help resident

A

Making decisions
Communicating with care team
Giving support and encouragement
Connecting to outside
Assurance that traditions and memories will be valued

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27
Q

NAs cannot discuss resident’s care with

A

Family

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28
Q

Infancy

A

Birth-12 mos

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29
Q

In one year a baby moves from

A

Total dependence, to moving around, communicating basic needs, feeding themselves

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30
Q

Physical development in infancy moves from

A

The head down

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31
Q

Toddler

A

1-3 yrs
Gain independence
Speak, limb coordination, bathroom training
Learn they are individuals
Control parents through tantrums

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32
Q

Preschool

A

3-5 yrs
Words and language skills
Socializing
Right and wrong
Care for themselves

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33
Q

School age

A

5-10
Cognitive and social development
Explore world, peer groups, class activities
Conscience, morals, self esteem

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34
Q

Cognitive

A

Related to thinking and learning

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35
Q

Preadolescence

A

10-12
Self identity and identity with peers.
Puberty starts
Childhood fears give way to real world fears

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36
Q

On average girls start puberty

A

One year before boys

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37
Q

12-18

A

Sexual maturity
Peer acceptance
Pressures as dependent but social and sexual maturity starts

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38
Q

Young adulthood

A

18-40
Physical growth is done
Adopt healthy lifestyle
Psychological and social development continues

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39
Q

Tasks of young adulthood

A

Selecting education/occupation
Selecting mate
Learning to live with mate or others
Raising children
Developing satisfying sex life

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40
Q

Middle adulthood

A

40-65
Major life decisions already made
Body ages
Weight gain
Less strength and energy
Body functions slow down
Diseases and illnesses appear

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41
Q

Late adulthood

A

Adjust to effects of aging
Loss of health, strength,
Death of loved ones
Retirement
Preparation for own death
Can last as much as 25-35 years

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42
Q

Ageism

A

Prejudice towards elderly people

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43
Q

Normal changes of aging

A

Thinner, drier skin,
More fragile, less elastic

-weak muscles
-lost bone density
-sensitivity of nerve endings in skin
-slower reflexes
-short term memory loss
- weakened senses
-Less efficient heart pumps
–weakened lungs and lung capacity

-oxygen in blood decreases
-less appetite
-moves frequent bathroom breaks
-digestion takes longer
hormone levels decrease
-immunity weakens
-lifestyle changes occur

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44
Q

Is loss of logic a normal part of aging?

A

No

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45
Q

Is poor nutrition a normal part of aging?

A

No

46
Q

Is shortness of breath a part of aging?

A

No

47
Q

Is incontinence a part of aging?

A

No

48
Q

Developmental disabilities

A

Present at birth or appear during childhood up to age 22

Chronic condition.

Restricts mental and physical activity

49
Q

Intellectual disability

A

Mental retardation
Not mental disorder or disease

Below average development and mental function

Difficulty learning, communicating and moving

50
Q

Teach ADLs to mentally disabled by

A

Breaking tasks down into smaller tasks

51
Q

Depressive disorders

A

Loss of interest in everything.
Lessened ability to work, sleep and eat, causes physical and mental pain. Makes illnesses worse

52
Q

Symptoms of depression

A

Pain
Low energy
Apathy
Anxiety
Irregardless eating
Sleeplessness
Withdrawal
Trouble concentrating

53
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood swings energy levels

54
Q

Manic episodes

A

Extreme activity

55
Q

Anxiety disorder

A

Anxious all the time without knowing why

56
Q

Symptoms of anxiety

A

Shaking
Sweating
Muscle aches
Cold clammy hands
Dizziness
Chest pain
Rapid heart beat
Cold or hot flashes
Choking or smothering sensation
Dry mouth

57
Q

GAD generalized anxiety disorder

A

Chronic anxiety and worry even when no reason for concern. Excessively worried about health, finances, work.

58
Q

Panic disorder

A

Panic attacks regularly

Intense fear+ rapid heart beat dizziness, shortness of breath

59
Q

Social anxiety disorder

A

Intense anxiety and discomfort in social situations

60
Q

Phobia

A

Irrational fear of something

61
Q

OCD

A

Intrusive behavior or thoughts that cause anxiety or stress. Repeatedly does actions

62
Q

PTSD

A

Witnessing traumatic event
SA
Physical assault
Combat
Reliving trauma through flashbacks, bad dreams or thoughts.

63
Q

Symptoms of PTSD

A

Constantly tense
Easily startled
Trouble sleeping
Anger
Irritability

64
Q

Schizophrenia

A

Can’t think or communicate effectively,
Manage emotions, make decisions, understand reality. Interact with others

65
Q

Hallucinations

A

False, distorted sensory perceptions. See things that aren’t there. Hear convo that isn’t happening

66
Q

Delusions

A

Persistent false beliefs
Other people are controlling thoughts

67
Q

Psychotherapy

A

Talking about one’s problems

68
Q

CBT

A

Used to treat anxiety and behavior. Focuses on skills and solutions a person can use to modify negative thinking and behavior patterns

69
Q

Intellectual disability vs mental health disorder

A

Mental health disorders can sometimes be cured, intellectual disabilities can’t.

Mental health disorder doesn’t always affect mental ability

70
Q

Terminal illness

A

Eventually causes death

71
Q

Preparing for death affects dying person’s

A

Emotions and behavior

72
Q

Grief

A

Deep distress or sorrow over loss. Adaptive or changing process
Involves healing

73
Q

Five stages of death and dying

A

Denial
Anger
Bargaining: make promises to God or caregivers

Depression

Acceptance

74
Q

Advance directives

A

Medical care they wish to have if can’t decide themselves. Name someone else to make decisions if Ill or disabled.

Living wills and power of attorneys

75
Q

Living will

A

Outlines medical care a person wants or does not want in case unable to decide..

Not same as will. Directs healthcare professionals.

76
Q

Durable power of attorney for healthcare

A

Health care proxy
Signed dated and witnessed legal document.
Appoints someone else to make medical decisions. Can include instructions about treatment person does not want.

77
Q

DNR order

A

Do not resuscitate
Don’t perform CPR

78
Q

What influences attitudes about death?

A

Experiences with death
Personality type
Religious beliefs
Cultural background

79
Q

How do you care for dying resident

A

-diminished senses
-care of mouth and nose
-Skin care: bed baths and incontinence care
-pain control and comfort. Reposition look for signs

  • environment: favorite objects. Comfortable, appropriately lit, well ventilated.

-emotional and spiritual support

80
Q

When resident is dying you should pay attention to:

A

Resident’s last words, comments about fear.

81
Q

When resident is dying you should not

A

Avoid resident
Deny death
Do not say God knows when it’s time for everyone

Tell nurse if other residents have questions about resident that passed.

82
Q

If someone requests religious leader while dying you should

A

Tell nurse immediately

83
Q

When is someone legally dead?

A

No pulse
No BP
No respirations

84
Q

Signs of approaching death

A

Blurry vision
Unfocused eyes
Impaired speech
Diminished sense of touch
Loss of movement muscle tone and feeling
Rising or below normal body temperature
Decreased BP
Weak pulse
Cheyne-stokes respirations
Rattling or gurgling
Cold pale skin
Mottling
Sweat
Incontinence
Disorientation

85
Q

Cheyne-stokes respirations

A

Rapid shallow respirations along with periods of not breathing

86
Q

Rigor mortis takes place between

A

2-6 hrs after death

87
Q

Postmortem care

A

Care of body after death. Declared dead by nurse or Dr

88
Q

When giving post mortem care don’t

A

Pull out tubes

89
Q

Hospice care

A

Special care for dying person
Treats physical
Emotional
Spiritual and social needs
Given with Dr order 25/7

90
Q

Palliative care

A

Comfort and dignity of resident
Palliative care
People with serious chronic diseases

91
Q

Dying residents should feel ____ as long as possible

A

Independent

92
Q

Dying person’s bill of rights

A

Not die alone
Be free from pain
Not be deceived
Retain individuality

93
Q

Legal rights of dying residents

A

-refuse
-privacy
-visitors

94
Q

Can be very important. Holding a dying resident’s hand can be comforting

A

Touch

95
Q

NAs should not discuss their ____ or spiritual beliefs with residents

A

Religious

96
Q

Apathy

A

Lack of interest in activities

97
Q

4 guidelines for caring for residents with intellectual disabilities

A
  1. Repeat
  2. Praise
  3. Break down ADLs
  4. Encourage socializing
98
Q

Things affected by developmental disabilities

A

ADLs
Communication
Learning
Movement
Socializing
Self care

99
Q

What is family

A

Support of one another

100
Q

One type of cancer that regular physical activity lessens risk of

A

Colon

101
Q

Type of infection that can come from inactivity

A

UTI

102
Q

Ability to cope with this is one benefit of regular activity

A

Stress

103
Q

Before activities begin, something NAs can help residents with

A

Grooming

104
Q

Something increased by regular activity in addition to promoting better eating habits

A

Appetite

105
Q

Abbreviation for federal law requiring that facilities provide an activities program that meets the interests of residents

A

OBRA

106
Q

A loss of independence can cause increased

A

Dependence

107
Q

NAs should encourage _____regardless of how long it takes

A

Self care

108
Q

5 physiological needs

A

Food H2O
Protection
Activity
Sleep and rest
Comfort

109
Q

6 basic psychosocial need

A
  1. Love
  2. Acceptance
  3. Safety and security
  4. Independence
  5. Socializing
  6. Self esteem
110
Q

Name 2 types of advance directives

A

Power of attorney and living will

111
Q

Who declares people dead?

A

Dr or nurse

CNA (10 decks)

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