Chapter 3 Flashcards
what term describes an individual possessing two of the same alleles at a gene locus?
heterozygous monohybrid wild type homozygous dihybrid
homozygous
mendel’s principle of segregation can be explained by what process?
mitosis none of these meiosis testcross fertilization
meiosis
which organism did Gregor Mendel use to discover the basic principles of genetics?
fruit fly pea plant bacterium nematode worm mouse
pea plant
when Mendel crossed a plant homozygous for round seeds to another plant homozygous for wrinkled seeds, he found that all the progeny had round seeds.
how is this explained?
the progeny were homozygous for the allele for round seeds
the allele for round seeds is recessive to the allele for wrinkled seeds
the allele for round seeds is dominant to the allele for wrinkled seeds
the parent that was homozygous for round seeds underwent self-pollination
segregation of alleles in the two parents produced gametes with both alleles
the allele for round seeds is dominant to the allele for wrinkled seeds
what is a cross that occurs between two individuals that differ in two characteristics?
trihybrid cross testcross dihybrid cross monohybrid cross backcross
dihybrid cross
if an Aa individual is crossed to an aa individual, what will be the phenotypic ratio in the offspring?
4: 0
1: 1:1:1
3: 1
2: 1
1: 1
1:1
a cross between a AABB individual and an aabb individual will produce what type of offspring?
half will be AABB and half will be aabb all will be AaBb half will be aaBB and half will be AAbb all will be AABB all will be aabb
all will be AaBb
an individual possesses two alleles at a locus and these two alleles separate when gametes are formed, one alleles going into each gamete.
the genetic concept is known as the
reciprocal cross chromosome theory of heredity concept of dominance principle of segregation principle of independent assortment
principle of segregation
what is the physical appearance or manifestation of a characteristic called in genetics?
independent assortment wild type phenotype genotype alleles
phenotype
what will the genotypic ratio in the offspring of two Aa parents that are crossed with each other?
1: 2:1
9: 3:3:1
2: 1
1: 1
3: 1
1:2:1
the principle of independent assortment involves at least how many different gene pairs?
2 4 5 1 3
2
How is a true breeding round‑seeded pea plant different from a hybrid round‑seeded pea plant?
They have the same genotype and phenotype.
They have the same genotype but different phenotypes.
They have a different genotype and phenotype.
They have the same phenotype but different genotypes.
They have the same phenotype but different genotypes.
Which of the statements can be concluded from Gregor Mendel’s experiments with pea plants?
A heterozygous phenotype is the same as a homozygous dominant phenotype.
Offspring inherit two alleles per gene from each parent.
For a given trait, two heterozygous parents produce offspring with three possible phenotypes.
Alleles of different genes are inherited independently of each other.
A heterozygous phenotype is the same as a homozygous dominant phenotype.
Alleles of different genes are inherited independently of each other.
Of the following ideas postulated by Gregor Mendel, which one requires at least two genes to be demonstrated?
One of two alleles from each parent is randomly transmitted to offspring.
Traits are not determined by blending.
Genes assort independently in diploids.
Traits are controlled by discrete units.
Some alleles are dominant and mask the effect of recessive alleles.
Genes assort independently in diploids.
In pea plants, plant height is controlled by a single autosomal dominant gene. Tall plants (H) are dominant to short plants (h).
A tall plant with the genotype capital H lowercase h crossed to a tall plant with the genotype capital H lowercase h.
In a cross of two tall heterozygous plants, which phenotype ratio is expected from the resulting offspring?
1: 1
1: 2:1
9: 3:3:1
3: 1
3:1
