Chapter 3 Flashcards
One of the most consistent observations in the development of cognitive capabilities of adolescents is ________
their increase of executive function capabilities
What are executive functions?
capacities to keep relevant information in mind to complete a future goal
At the start of adolescence, the influence of _________ starts to impact their decisions
social and affective context
Adults show more activation of the _______ and _______ than children
- lateral prefrontal cortex
- posterior parietal cortex
During long-delay visuospatial memory trials, children and adolescents showed a larger __________ than adults
network in the lateral prefrontal cortex
Adults are ____ responsive in terms of neural activity to specific task demands
more
What are the basic control processes contributing to cognitive control?
- working memory
- the ability to inhibit inappropriate responses
What part of the brain is necessary for successful inhibitory control?
the right inferior frontal gyrus
What are two functions of the right inferior frontal gyrus?
- inhibitory control
- attention demands associated with response inhibition
What is adaptive control?
the ability to show adaptive behaviour in reponse to changing task demands
Adults show more activation in the ______ when adapting due to negative feedback, while for children it is ______
- lateral prefrontal cortex
- the opposite
What part of the brain is associated with relational-reasoning problems?
the rostrolateral prefrontal cortex
Divergent thinking is highest at age ____
15-16
What age group is most prone to taking risks in everyday life?
Adolescents
A safe bet is associated with the _____, while a risky bet is associated with the ______
- dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
- ventromedial prefrontal cortex
