Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is a policy?
- Course of action selected among options
- Guides to make decisions
- Standing plan or procedure
What does social policy look at?
-life quality
What are the 3 different types policies?
- Informal family
- Public
- Organization
“IPO:” Investigating police officers
Interesting potential octopuses
Intelligent people offer…
A student handbook would be an example of what type of policy?
-Organizational
Telling your grandparents what time you come home would be an example of what type of policy?
-Informal family
What is chapin’s public policy definition?
-Laws and regulations dictating the benefits and services the government and organizations assist in meeting people’s needs.
What is the location of a public policy?
- Federal, state laws, municipal ordinances
- Regulations implementing laws
- Judicial decisions that interpret law
True or false? Congress.gov is a website to see public policy and laws at the state and federal level.
-T
True or false? You can find an advocacy group and note their concerns about upcoming legislation on The Arc.
-T
What does structure of social policy mean?
-How a policy is composed, what is involved in it, and how is it formed?
T or f? We have developed a policy because there is a problem.
-T
T or f? After we create a policy regarding a problem, we figure out our response to the problem.
-T
What questions ask when evaluating a policy?
- What are the responses, and the target eligibility?
- Where are the services delivered, and funds coming from?
T or f? When we talk about response, we talk about benefits.
-T
T or f? A social issue is framed in a way that a government is expected to respond.
-T
What are typical responses of a government?
Cash Vouchers In kind (goods or services) Power Opportunity
CVIPO
True or false? A program can be universal or selective.
True
T or f? A program is universal if it is available to everybody
T
T or f? A program is selective if certain people are eligible.
T
What are the benefits of a universal program?
- Less stigma
- Great take up
- People are more accepting
- Middle class use and Titmuss (British policy analyst) says middle class demanding better services
What are benefits of selective program?
- Administration costs are lower
- More efficiency
- Not many individuals use these and reap the benefits
How are benefits delivered?
location (centralized and decentralized), staffing (professional, cultural experts), auspices (public, for profit, not for profit, faith based)
T or f? There are different ways of looking at benefits as to who is delivering them?
T
T or f? Centralized agency means everything comes out of one service.
T
What is private philanthropy?
Pros: -oldest funding source -important for new inventions/ (initiatives) -accumulated quickly -no strings attached Negatives: -problem is year to year continuity
What are fees?
Out of pocket expenses that have sliding scale, related to family income
How will benefits be financed?
- government fees
- private philanthropy
What are block grants?
Federal to state locality
Consolidated multiple detailed categorical grants into 9 block grants: Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act 1981
Seen as a more efficient way of distributing funds
True or false? Sometimes trained experts may not be good.
True
These people are technically sophisticated and there is more assurance objectivity. Who are they?
Trained teachers
These people are termed mothers in community with experience. They are endowed with cultural competence and outreach. Who are they?
Cultural experts
True or false. It is important to know what the fees are: out of pocket expenses, cost sharing, parents pay the bills.
True
True or false? We need to know how people will pay and the percentage they will as social workers.
True
What are taxes dedicated to a specific purpose that are used for social engineering and are called “sin” taxes, and an example is social security. Tax you pay into social security goes directly to the funds in these types of taxes.
Earmarked taxes
What is it called when the government is subsidizing the costs of day care?
General revenue: Federal and State taxes
What are categorical grants? What is an example of a categorical grant? Do we still have them?
Categorical grants is money federal government gives to states. An example is Head Start. We only have a few.
True or false? We combined categorical grants into block grants 1981 under the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 - into 9 grants.
True
What is the concern with block grants?
-Gives flexibility to determine what services will get grants and allows states freedom to disperse their money
T or f ? You need a problem for social policy to be made.
T
What do we address identifying a problem?
What human rights are being violated?
Historical context.
Theory underlying origin of the problem.
The extent of the problem.
What step make policy?
Goals Eligibility Benefits Delivery Funding
“GEBDF;” Giraffes enjoy bringing dogs fun
What is agenda setting?
bring social problem to the attention of decision-makers
What is the window of opportunity?
brief moments when time is right for specific initiatives
Cities, new administration, dramatic publicized stories are all what?
Windows of opportunities
What is the first step in introducing a policy?
Introduced to Congress/approach senator/president, etc
Help people become aware of the issue
How do you get policy adopted?
- Convince lawmakers to pass it
- Make sure the policies are general
“CM”- commemorate Mukhtiar
- Corny moms
- Coconut monsters
- Cool methods
T or f? Policies must be regularly evaluated.
T
T or f? Our current tax policy - CTC & earned income tax credit reduced child poverty to 17 percent from 24 percent it would been.
T
T or f? We have 3.4 million children that live in “deep poverty” in families with incomes less than half of what the government says they need.
T
T or f? A universal child allowance could help everyone, and it might be more popular since middle class voters would get a check too.
T
T or f? Pro-marriage policies have failed despite more than a billion dollars, marriage promotion programs have not increased marriage.
T
T or f? Our social policy especially in the post 1996-welfare reform era says a spouse’s income is a good way to pay for children, and a job is a good way to pay for children, but government support is not.
T
What are flow of funds?
From fed directly to locality
Typical of great society
T or f? Block grants are seen as a more efficient way of distributing funds.
T
What are steps to create public policy?
Id problem, make policy, adopt, implement, evaluate
“IMAIE”
Imagination mitigates any interventions earlier
I might act irritable easily
Identification makes actions innovative eject
What do you do when you try to create a public policy?
Look at material after you’ve researched the social issue and how it came about.
Then you ask yourself if there are laws that tackle it.
Next, see state legislation + federal laws.
Why are advocacy groups important?
They talk about the concerns of upcoming legislation
Structure of social policy means what?
How a policy is composed, what is involved, and how is it formulated?
When we talk about response, what are we talking about? What are some examples?
benefits: cash, in kind (goods or services), power, opportunity, vouchers (ex: give a voucher to goodwill or a furniture store so you can buy what you want for your house)
T or f? Universal programs are available to all people.
T
T or f? Selective programs are only available to few people that meet eligibility criteria.
T
What are 2 major points to consider when looking at a program?
Is it universal (for everyone) or is it selective (given to only a select few)
Social security is a universal program, and we do not do a means tested. T or f?
-T
T or f? Universal programs are easier to administrate, no means testing, and there is no stigma. More people take it because people are not stereotyped for receiving it. The programs are less costly
-T
T or? When we have selective programs, that means there is an individual response; there is a specific problem that people have, and only people affected will be able to receive program benefits. There are certain criteria, and certain deficits that make this program targetted to you.
-T
What are the advantages of a selective program?
- less costly; only people who need the program get it.
- tax dollars targeted directly, and administration costs lower
T or f? You can have a combination of trained and cultural experts.
-T
T or f? Social security and medicare have earmarked taxes.
-T
