Chapter 29 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards
The CONDUCTIVE SYSTEM regulates the _________ of the heartbeat.
SPEED
What are the three common forms of heart disease?
HTN - Hypertension
CHF - Congestive Heart Failure
CAD -
What are the risk factors for high blood pressure?
Obesity, high sodium diets, lack of physical activity, stress, excessive alcohol consumption, genetics, age, race
MI is the abbreviation for what?
Myocardial Infarction which can lead to tissue damage or death.
What are common items stocked in acrash cart?
Atropine Bretylium toyslate Calcium chloride Dextrose Diazepam Diphenhydramine Dopamine Epinephrine Furosemide Hetastarch Isoproterenol Lidocaine Lidocaine in D5W Magnesium sulfate Midazolam
Arrythmmias can be caused by what?
CHF, CAD, HTN, or MI
What are the pharmaceutical treatments for Heart Disease?
- Cardiac glycosides
- Diuretics
- Vasodilators
- ACE inhibitors
- Beta-adrenergic blockers
- Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
Do not confuse which two drugs?
Cardiac glycosides and Aminoglycosides
What is HYPOKALEMIA?
Low potassium levels in the serum
The most common Cardiac glycoside is what?
Digoxin
Most patients start on a high loading dose then move on to a maintenance dose of one quarter of the original dose. This is called DIGITALIZATION.
List the DIURETIC drugs.
- Thiazide
- Loop Diuretics
- Potassium-sparing diuretic
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Where do peripheral Vasodilators work?
The blood vessels in the arms and the legs to treat severe HTN.
What is the suffice for ACE INHIBITORS?
“pril”
What is the Drug of Choice for CHF?
ACE Inhibitors
What does DOC stand for?
Drug of Choice
What is the fatty deposit that is high in cholesterol called?
PLAQUE
Name two Anticoagulants?
WAFARIN and HEPARIN
What does F.A.S.T. stand for?
Face, Arm Weakness, Speech Difficulty, and Time. These are the warning signs of a Stroke.
Tissue Plaimogen Activators (t-PAs) must be administered within ______ hours of the onset of symptoms and some may be used within ______ hours.
Three hours and Six hours
How many hours are t-PAs good for when mixed?
8-24 hours. Prepared just prior to administration. MUST be kept in refrigerator.
What is the antidote for a WARFARIN overdose?
Vitamin K
What is the only antidote for a HEPARIN overdose?
Protamine sulfate
What is the antidote for a thrombolytic enzyme overdose?
Aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid
Which of the following drugs is used as an antidote for a HEPARIN overdose?
A. Aminocaproic acid
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Tranexamic acid
D. Vitamin K
B. Protamine sulfate
What is the suffix for Beta blockers?
Olol
Which of the following is NOT a high risk factors for high BP?
A. Stress
B. Age
C. Obesity
D. Size
D. Size
Which of the following is NOT one of the three common forms of heart disease?
A. CHF
B. COPD
C. HTN
D. CAD
B. COPD
What is MI ( myocardial infarction) another term for?
Heart attack
What is a fatty deposit that is high in cholesterol called?
PLAQUE
The drug preferred for treatment of a particular condition or disease is known as?
Drug of Choice, or DOC
Which of the following drugs is used as an antidote for thrombolytic enzyme overdose?
A. Aminocaproic acid
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Vitamin K
D. All of the above
A. Aminocaproic acid
Peripheral Vasodilators work directly on blood vessels in the _________ treating moderate to severe HTN?
Arms and legs
Many ACE Inhibitors have the suffix of what?
Pril
_____________ means white blood cells
Leukocytes
Which of the following is not a high risk factor for high BP.
A. Low sodium diets
B. Age
C. Race
D. Stress
A. Low sodium diets
Which of the following is not a treatment for heart disease?
A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Diuretics
D. Calorie glucosides
D. Calorie glycosides
The CONDUCTIVE SYSTEM of the heart controls the ________ of the heart’s contractions.
Speed
Which big the following medications is NOT found within a crash cart?
A. Calcium chloride
B. Aropine
C. Epinephrine
D. Acetaminophen
D. Acetaminophen
The most common Cardiac glycoside is?
Digoxin
All of the are considered a diuretic except:
A. Loop diuretics
B. Thiazide diuretics
C. Sodium Bicarb inhibitors
D. Potassium-sparing diuretics
C. Sodium Bicarb inhibitors
___________ means low potassium levels in the serum?
Hypokalemia
