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PHARM 156 > Chapter 29 - Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 29 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

The CONDUCTIVE SYSTEM regulates the _________ of the heartbeat.

A

SPEED

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2
Q

What are the three common forms of heart disease?

A

HTN - Hypertension
CHF - Congestive Heart Failure
CAD -

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3
Q

What are the risk factors for high blood pressure?

A

Obesity, high sodium diets, lack of physical activity, stress, excessive alcohol consumption, genetics, age, race

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4
Q

MI is the abbreviation for what?

A

Myocardial Infarction which can lead to tissue damage or death.

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5
Q

What are common items stocked in acrash cart?

A 
Atropine
Bretylium toyslate
Calcium chloride
Dextrose
Diazepam
Diphenhydramine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Furosemide
Hetastarch
Isoproterenol
Lidocaine
Lidocaine in D5W
Magnesium sulfate
Midazolam
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6
Q

Arrythmmias can be caused by what?

A

CHF, CAD, HTN, or MI

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7
Q

What are the pharmaceutical treatments for Heart Disease?

A
  • Cardiac glycosides
  • Diuretics
  • Vasodilators
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Beta-adrenergic blockers
  • Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
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8
Q

Do not confuse which two drugs?

A

Cardiac glycosides and Aminoglycosides

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9
Q

What is HYPOKALEMIA?

A

Low potassium levels in the serum

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10
Q

The most common Cardiac glycoside is what?

A

Digoxin
Most patients start on a high loading dose then move on to a maintenance dose of one quarter of the original dose. This is called DIGITALIZATION.

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11
Q

List the DIURETIC drugs.

A
  • Thiazide
  • Loop Diuretics
  • Potassium-sparing diuretic
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
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12
Q

Where do peripheral Vasodilators work?

A

The blood vessels in the arms and the legs to treat severe HTN.

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13
Q

What is the suffice for ACE INHIBITORS?

A

“pril”

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14
Q

What is the Drug of Choice for CHF?

A

ACE Inhibitors

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15
Q

What does DOC stand for?

A

Drug of Choice

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16
Q

What is the fatty deposit that is high in cholesterol called?

A

PLAQUE

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17
Q

Name two Anticoagulants?

A

WAFARIN and HEPARIN

18
Q

What does F.A.S.T. stand for?

A

Face, Arm Weakness, Speech Difficulty, and Time. These are the warning signs of a Stroke.

19
Q

Tissue Plaimogen Activators (t-PAs) must be administered within ______ hours of the onset of symptoms and some may be used within ______ hours.

A

Three hours and Six hours

20
Q

How many hours are t-PAs good for when mixed?

A

8-24 hours. Prepared just prior to administration. MUST be kept in refrigerator.

21
Q

What is the antidote for a WARFARIN overdose?

A

Vitamin K

22
Q

What is the only antidote for a HEPARIN overdose?

A

Protamine sulfate

23
Q

What is the antidote for a thrombolytic enzyme overdose?

A

Aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid

24
Q

Which of the following drugs is used as an antidote for a HEPARIN overdose?

A. Aminocaproic acid
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Tranexamic acid
D. Vitamin K

A

B. Protamine sulfate

25
Q

What is the suffix for Beta blockers?

A

Olol

26
Q

Which of the following is NOT a high risk factors for high BP?

A. Stress
B. Age
C. Obesity
D. Size

A

D. Size

27
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the three common forms of heart disease?

A. CHF
B. COPD
C. HTN
D. CAD

A

B. COPD

28
Q

What is MI ( myocardial infarction) another term for?

A

Heart attack

29
Q

What is a fatty deposit that is high in cholesterol called?

A

PLAQUE

30
Q

The drug preferred for treatment of a particular condition or disease is known as?

A

Drug of Choice, or DOC

31
Q

Which of the following drugs is used as an antidote for thrombolytic enzyme overdose?

A. Aminocaproic acid
B. Protamine sulfate
C. Vitamin K
D. All of the above

A

A. Aminocaproic acid

32
Q

Peripheral Vasodilators work directly on blood vessels in the _________ treating moderate to severe HTN?

A

Arms and legs

33
Q

Many ACE Inhibitors have the suffix of what?

A

Pril

34
Q

_____________ means white blood cells

A

Leukocytes

35
Q

Which of the following is not a high risk factor for high BP.

A. Low sodium diets
B. Age
C. Race
D. Stress

A

A. Low sodium diets

36
Q

Which of the following is not a treatment for heart disease?

A. Beta blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Diuretics
D. Calorie glucosides

A

D. Calorie glycosides

37
Q

The CONDUCTIVE SYSTEM of the heart controls the ________ of the heart’s contractions.

A

Speed

38
Q

Which big the following medications is NOT found within a crash cart?

A. Calcium chloride
B. Aropine
C. Epinephrine
D. Acetaminophen

A

D. Acetaminophen

39
Q

The most common Cardiac glycoside is?

A

Digoxin

40
Q

All of the are considered a diuretic except:

A. Loop diuretics
B. Thiazide diuretics
C. Sodium Bicarb inhibitors
D. Potassium-sparing diuretics

A

C. Sodium Bicarb inhibitors

41
Q

___________ means low potassium levels in the serum?

A

Hypokalemia

PHARM 156 (9 decks)

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