Chapter 27 - Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
What are the two types of bone marrow?
Red and Yellow
What does RED BONE MARROW produce?
Blood cells and platelets
Where is RED BONE MARROW found?
In infant’s bine cavities
Where is YELLOW BONE MARROW found?
Long bones of adults.
What is OSTEOMYELITIS?
A bacterial infection that inside the bone that destroys bone tissue.
Surgical debridement is perormed to remove infected, devitalized bone and tissue in addition to IV therapy. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is also used.
What is OSTEOPOROSIS?
Bone brittleness due to lack of Calcium
What is PAGET’S DISEASE?
Bone breaks down more quickly and grows back softer than normal bone.
What is a common treatment for osteoporosis?
Biphosphonates.
What are the effects of CALCITONIN?
Inhibits bine resorption and decreases the number of bine fractures from low bone density, by increasing bone growth and the action of osteoblasts.
It is available in a nasal spray or an injection.
Which of the following is a symptom of CEREBRAL PALSY? A. Painful, stiff, or swollen joints B. Fever C. Muscle tightness or spasm D. Fatigue
C. Muscle tightness or spasm
Which type of four treatment decreases production of uric acid in the blood?
A. Salicylates
B. Uricosuric agents
C. COX-2 inhibitors
D. Hypouricemic agents
D. Hypouricemic agents
What is meant by the term HEMAPOIETIC?
A. RED MARROW
B. YELLOW MARROW
C. STEM CELL
D. RED BLOOD CELL
A. Red marrow
Which of the following produces prostaglandins that cause the thickening of the mucosal lining to the stomach?
A. Cyclooxygenase I
B. Cyclooxygenase II
C. Cyclooxygenase III
D. Cyclooxygenase IV
A. Cyclooxygenase I
What does SERM stand for?
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
What is a nonpharmacologic treatment for osteoporosis?
Daily walking
What is BURSITIS?
Inflammation of the bursae, the small, fluid-filled pouches between bine and ligament.
What is TENDONITIS?
Inflammation of the tendons which are cords of connective tissue that attach muscle to bone. Injuries can result in STRAINS, RUPTURES, or INFLAMMATION
What are LIGAMENTS?
Strands of connective tissue that hold bones together. Injuries can result in SPRAINS
What is ANEMIA?
Failure of bone marrow to produce the components of red blood cells. Caused most commonly by lack of iron.
What causes LEUKEMIA?
When one or more white blood cells experience DNA damage.
What is ARTHRITIS?
Inflammation of a joint. Classified as an autoimmune disease. Drugs that treat it have the suffix of “MAB”
What is OSTEOARTHRITIS?
Progressive disease that is characterized by the breakdown of joint cartilage. Weight-bearing activities are the main cause.
What is GOUT?
Painful joint inflammatory disease caused by the excessive of uric acid in the synovial fluid of big toes, knees, and elbows.
What is a DMARD?
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs.
Can help prevent the progress of the disease. Can take up to six to eight months to evoke a response.
What is PENICILLAMINE?
Patients who are allergic to penicillin can take this instead.
What are SULFASALAZINES?
A combo of salicylates and an antibiotic. Used to treat inflammatory bowel disease.
What is LEFLUNOMIDE?
Helps slow the progression of joint damage caused by RA. Has potential to cause liver damage.
What is HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE?
Treatment for Lupus. Can cause visual impairment. Opthalmologist exam is recommended every six months.
What can decrease the production of uric acid in the blood?
Hypouricemic agents.
What are NSAIDs ?
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Skeletal muscle relaxants act directly on the muscles or:
A. Peripherally
B. In the central nervous system
C. On the liver
D. On the skeleton
B. In the central nervous system.
What is the generic name for Songanal?
A. Risedronate
B. Ibruprofen
C. Piroxicam
D. Aurothioglucose
D. Aurothioglucose.
Think of Princess Aurora singing a song.
What is the brand name for Motrin?
A. Risedronate
B. Ibuprofen
C. Piroxicam
D. Auranofin (29% gold)
B. Ibuprofen
The generic name for Skelaxin is:
A. Auranofin
B. Metaxalone
C. Methocarbamol
D. Vecuronium bromide
B. Metaxalone
Think the Skeleton held a metal axe.
What is the generic name for Soma? A. Vecuronium bromide B. Etodolac C. Carisoprodol D. Nabumetone
C. Carisoprodol
Think “brave new world” people took SOMA to forget about their cares.
What are the symptoms of CEREBRAL PALSY?
- Muscle tightness or spasm
- Lack of muscle coordination
- Disturbance of gait and mobility
- Abnormal sensation and perception
- Impairment of sight, hearing, or speech
- Seizures
What is MYALGIA?
MYALGIA is muscle pain.
What is a bone marrow disorder?
Any disease or condition that affects blood cell production is considered a bone marrow disorder.
