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Physical Science > Chapter 29 > Flashcards

Chapter 29 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

round, three denominational object, the surface of which is same distance from the center in all directions.

A

sphere

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2
Q

an elongated, closed curve with two foci

A

ellipse

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3
Q

is Earth a perfect sphere?

A

No the diameter around the equator is longer than pole to pole

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4
Q

What are some ancient observations that proves the earth is sphere?

A

The earths shadow on the eclipse is curved

People on different sides of the planet see different stars

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5
Q

What are two factors that effect Gravitational strength?

A

Masses and distance

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6
Q

which diameter is longer pole to pole of equator?

A

Equator

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7
Q

What does the magnetic field protect Earth from?

A

Harmful Solar radiation

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8
Q

Which hemisphere is the south magnetic pole located in?

A

The Northern hemisphere

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9
Q

What degrees does earths axis tilt?

A

11.7 Degrees

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10
Q

Can magnetic poles change?

A

Yes

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11
Q

What is the large scale of movement where the magnetic poles switch?

A

Magnetic reversal

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12
Q

How often does the magnetic reversals recur?

A

In 200,000

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13
Q

Which part Earths magnetic field Deflects harmful radiation from the sun?

A

magnetosphere

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14
Q

What are the Two scientific names for the northern and southern lights?

A

Aurora borealis and Aura Australis

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15
Q

How are the Auroras Created?

A

Elitricalliy- charged particles collide with atoms in the atmosphere and emit light?

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16
Q

When is earth closest to the sun?

A

Early January 147 million km

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17
Q

When is Earth farthest from the sun?

A

Jily 152 million km

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18
Q

An area 15 degrees wide in which the time zone is the time is The same.

A

Time Zone

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19
Q

The spinning of the earth on it’s axis, an imaginary line from the Earths north pole to it’s south.

A

Rotation

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20
Q

The motion of earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun.

A

Revolution

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21
Q

The plane Earths orbit around the sun.

A

Ecliptic

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22
Q

Occurs when Earth’s rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away from the sun.

A

Solstice

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23
Q

When Earth’s rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drown from the center Of earth to the center of the sun.

A

Equinox

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24
Q

who devised a method of timekeeping around 3,000 B.C.

A

The Babylonians

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25
Q

What was the symbol for degree taken from?

A

The sun

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26
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one hour?

A

360 degrees

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27
Q

What direction does the sun rise?

A

east

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28
Q

True of False. All time zones are the exact same size?

A

False, they are modified to fit around cities , states, and country borders, and other key sited.

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29
Q

How many time zones are in the world?

A

24

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30
Q

Which direction do you move to subtract hours from the time?

A

west

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31
Q

Which direction do you move to subtract hours from the time?

A

East

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32
Q

How many zones are in the U.S?

A

six

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33
Q

What are the name of time zones?

A

Atlantic, pacific, mountain, eastern and central.

34
Q

What is a solar day?

A

The movement of the sun one noon to one day to the next noon the next day.

35
Q

What is a sidereal day?

A
36
Q

What are the two main reasons for seasons?

A

revolution and the tilt of the axis.

37
Q

Which 2 seasons have a solstice?

A

Summer and winter

38
Q

which month is the summer solstice?

A

June 21st

39
Q

Which month is the winter solstice?

A

December 21st

40
Q

Which two seasons are equinoxes?

A

Fall and Spring

41
Q

Which month is the spring equinox?

A

March 21st

42
Q

Which month is the fall equinox?

A

September 23

43
Q

When is the longest day of the year?

A

summer solstice June 21st

44
Q

When is the shortest day of the year?

A

the winter solstice

45
Q

When are the days almost 12 hours and 12 hours of the night?

A

the equinoxes

46
Q

How many hours does it take for the earth to make a full rotation?

A

24 hours

47
Q

Which direction does the sun set in?

A

West

48
Q

A rise or fall in the ocean surface

A

Tide

49
Q

reflects the change in appearance in the moon seen from earth

A

moon phase

50
Q

occurs when the moon moves directly between the sun and Earth and casts a shadow on earth

A

Soar eclipse

51
Q

lunar eclipse

A

occurs when the Earth passes between the sun and the moon and casts a shadow on the moon

52
Q

maria

A

The dark colored lava filled regions on the moons surface

53
Q

regolith

A

A layer of dusty lunar material produced by collisions asteroids and comets and the moon

54
Q

How many days does it take the moon to revolve around the earth?

A

27.3

55
Q

A complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days what is it called?

A

synodic month

56
Q

do we ever see the black side of the moon?

A

no

57
Q

What causes a tide to rise and fall?

A

Gravitational pull by the sun and the moon

58
Q

What is a rise of sea level called?

A

high tide

59
Q

After the sea level rises how many hours does to take for the sea level to drop?

A

six hours

60
Q

Which is farther from the earth the sun or the moon?

A

the sun

61
Q

Does the sun or the moon cause a greater effect on earths tide?

A

the moon

62
Q

How are the sun the earth and the moon aligned during a spring tide eclipse?

A

Straight sun earth moon

63
Q

How are the sun the earth and the moon aligned during a neap tide?

A

90 degree angle

64
Q

What does the phase of the moon you see depend on?

A

The position of the Earth moon and sun relative to one anouther

65
Q

when does a new moon occur?

A

When the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun

66
Q

What is the definition of a waxing moon?

A

The illuminated portion that we see appears larger each night

67
Q

What is the definition of the waning phase?

A

The illuminated portion of the moon gets smaller and smaller

68
Q

What are the moon phasing names?

A

New moon, waxing crescent, 1st quarter, waxing gibbous, full, waning gibbous, 3rd quarter, waxing crescent.

69
Q

Where is the word month derived from?

A

the same root word as moon

70
Q

How are the sun the earth and the moon aligned during a solar eclipse?

A

sun, moon earth

71
Q

How are the sun the earth and the moon aligned during a lunar eclipse?

A

sun earth moon

72
Q

What is an umbra?

A

The darkest portion of the moons shadow

73
Q

What is a penumbra?

A

the shadow cast by the earth or moon over an area experiencing a partial eclipse. The lightest part of the moon

74
Q

How are the depressions on the moon formed?

A

When asteroids meteorites and comments collide.

75
Q

Are there mountains on the moon?

A

yes

76
Q

Which side of the moon is thicker?

A

the dark side of the moon

77
Q

Is the mantle of the moon solid or liquid?

A

solid

78
Q

What did the clementine spacecraft do?

A

confirmed that the crust on the side facing earth is much thinner than the far side and provided information on the mineral content of Moon rocks

79
Q

What did the lunar prospector do?

A

Took photographs of the surface, confirmed that the moon has a small iron-rich core and collected evidence of water on the moon

80
Q

What is the giant impact theory?

A

that a mars size object collided with earth that sent debree that created a large mass called the moon

81
Q

How many phases of the moon are there?

A

eight

Physical Science (7 decks)

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