CH 25 Flashcards
Hess discovered system of moution ranges
mid-ocean Ridge
The boundary where two plates collide
Convergent plate boundary
Subduction
When a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and dense oceanic plate, the denser plate dives beneath the continent in a process
Subduction
Transform plate boundary
The type of boundary where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions
Transform plate boundary
The sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along enormous cracks in the earth called faults
Earthquake
the crack in Earth’s crust along which rock has moved
Fault
a sudden release of strain energy as a rock moves along a fault
Elastic rebound
The point of origin for an earthquake
Focus
The point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus
Epicenter
A long narrow depression that forms in between peaks along the mid ocean ridge
Rift valley
The boundary between two plates that are moving apart
Divergent plate boundary
Who came up with the Continental drift hypothesis?
Alfred Wegener
What is some evidence for Wagner’s’ hypothesis?
- Coast lines match up like puzzle pieces
2.They found fossils
3.
What was the name of the super content?
Pangaea
Who came with the sea floor spreading hypothesis?
Harry Hess
How did Harry Hess map the bottom of the sea floor?
sonar
Who discovered the mid ocean floor?
Harry Hess
where at the bottom of the is the youngest going to be found?
closer to the mid-ocean ridge (MOR)
What are the types of plate boundaries?
Divergent
Convergent
Transform
How do convergent plate boundaries move
they collide
Subduction zones only occur with which of plate boundary?
convergent plate boundaries
What two types of crust are found in plate movement?
Oceanic crust and continental crust
what are the types of land forms that can be created when oceanic and continental crust converge?
Volcano’s and deep-sea trenches
What land forms are created when two oceanic crust converge?
deep-sea trench, hot spots (creates islands)
What land form is created when two Continental crust converge?
Mountains
How do divergent plate boundaries move?
Dividing
what are two examples specific examples of divergent plate boundaries?
MOR(two oceanic crust ), east African rift(continental crust)
How do transform plate boundaries move?
The slide by each other
What is a specific example of a transform plate boundary
The San Adras fault (made up of two continental crust)
How does a convention current work?
- Magma heats, becomes less dense, Rises
2. Magma cools, becomes more dense, falls
What types of plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes ?
Divergent and transform
Which boundary have earth quakes.
Convergent plate boundaries
What are the four types of stress that can be applied to rocks?
Compression, tension, shear, torsion(twisting)
what are the types of deformation?
elastic and plastic
What happens to the rock if elastic deformation occurs?
soon as tension is released returns to the original shape
What happens to the rock if plastic deformation occurs?
soon as stress is released it it remains in new shape.
What types of seismic waves are there?
primary, secondary, surface
Which type of wave moves the fastest?
Primary wave
How do primary wave move
through compression
How do secondary waves move?
transverse
What types of materiel’s can p waves move through?
liquids and solids
what type of materials can s waves move through
solids
Which waves ore the most complex and dangerous
Surface waves
What are the two scales that hel measure earth quakes
ricard macali
What dose the ricter scale measure
amount of energy released
What dose macili realese
damage
Infiltration
Water table
aquifer
porosity
Absolute Dating
relative dating
Unformitarianism
Principal of superposition
uncomformity
Fossil
