Chapter 28: Reproductive System Flashcards
you were made from…
1 egg out of thousands
1 sperm out of trillions
primary function of reproductive system is to
produce gametes (sperm and oocyte/egg)
male reproductive system
produce gametes (sperm)
produce androgens (testosterone)
produce semen and deliver it to female tract
female reproductive system
produces gametes (oocyte/egg)
produces female sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone)
nourishes and protects offspring
deliver baby
breastmilk
female gonads
ovaries
sexual selection in males
have constant supply of sperm, making quantity the goal of reproduction
sexual selection in females
have limited supply of oocyte/egg making quality the goal of reproduction
timing of ovarian and uterine/menstrual cycle is…
important in female reproductive system
penis
used for copulation (sex) and urination
testis
produce sperm and androgens (testosterone)
seminiferous tubules (inside testis)
male reproductive tract
produce immature sperm
epididymis
male reproductive tract
where sperm matures
in testis
ductus (vas) deferens
male reproductive tract
carries sperm into pelvic cavity
stores sperm
ejaculatory duct
male reproductive tract
located where ductus deferens and seminal vesicles meet
carries semen to urethra
prostatic urethra
male reproductive tract
travels thru prostate gland
membranous urethra
male reproductive tract
travels thru urogenital diaphragm
spongy (penile) urethra
male reproductive tract
travels the length of penis
path sperm takes inside penis
seminiferous tubules (inside testis)
epididymis
ductus (vas) deferens
ejaculatory duct
urethra
semen includes…
sperm: 20-100 mil sperm per mL
seminal fluid: food for sperm and chemicals that help sperm stay in and travel thru female
corona
base of glands penis (head of penis)
glands penis
head of penis
skin covering the glands penis is…
foreskin
how many boys get circumcised globally?
35-40%
pros of circumcision
decreased UTI risk
decreased STI?STD risk
decreased penile cancer risk
improved genital hygiene
cons of circumcision
surgical procedure risks
decreases sensitivity
penis is made of 3 vascular chambers…
2 corpora cavernosa
1 corpus spongiosum
erection
is caused by vasoconstrictionva
what happens with vasodilation in an erection?
blood flows in thru arteries INCREASED
blood flow our thru veins DECREASES
why do the testis hang outside the body?
sperm prod. occurs at a lower temp than our core temp
dartes muscles
in scrotum
causes wrinkled appearance
cremaster muscles
in scrotum
pulls testis close to body when cold and drop away when hot
spermatic cord
