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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 23: Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 23: Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

larynx

A

separates upper and lower respiratory tract

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2
Q

upper infections

A

more common

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3
Q

lower infections

A

more dangerous

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4
Q

conducting zone

A

transports air and prepares it for respiration

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5
Q

respiratory zone

A

where diffusion and trading of gas (O2 and CO2) occurs

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6
Q

nasal conchae creates

A

tunnels (meatuses) that swirl air around your nasal cavity

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7
Q

breathing through nose makes air

A

swirl around

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8
Q

breathing through your nose allows your nasal cavity to…

A

filter, warm, and humidify the air you breathe

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9
Q

external nares

A

opening of nostrils

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9
Q

auditory tube

A

“pressure release valve” that controls the pressure in middle ear

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10
Q

internal nares

A

connect nasal cavity and the pharynx

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11
Q

nasopharynx

A

top
connects to the nasal cavity

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12
Q

oropharynx

A

middle
connects to the oral cavity

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13
Q

laryngopharynx

A

bottom
connects to the larynx

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14
Q

epiglottis cartilage

A

connects to the glottis while swallowing

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15
Q

thyroid cartilage

A

creates the larynx prominence (adams apple)

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16
Q

glottis

A

opening to the trachea

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17
Q

trachea is held open by…

A

15-20 C shaped cartilage rings

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18
Q

posterior trachea has a

A

fibroelastic membrane

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19
Q

carina is where..

A

trachea branches into the primary bronchi

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20
Q

how many primary bronchi do we have?

A

2 for each lung

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21
Q

how many secondary bronchi do we have?

A

5 for each lobe

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22
Q

how many tertiary bronchi do we have?

A

18-19 for each bronchopulmonary segment

23
Q

alveoli

A

primary gas exchange surfaces of the lungs

24
Q

respiratory zone begins with…

A

terminal bronchi

25
Q
A
26
Q

type 2 alveolar cells

A

produce surfactant (reduces surface tension)

27
Q

the respiratory membrane is made of…

A

alveolus, a capillary, and a thin basement membrane

28
Q

right lung has how many lobes

A

3

29
Q

left lung has how many lobes

A

2

30
Q

visceral pleura

A

lines the lung

31
Q

parital pleura

A

lines the body wall

32
Q

pleural cavity is filled with…

A

pleural fluid which reduces friction and has an adhesive function

33
Q

when inhaling, you have to __________ the volume/size of the thoracic cavity to _____________ the pressure

A

increase, decrease

34
Q

when exhaling, you have to ___________ the volume/size of the thoracic cavity to ______________ the pressure

A

decrease. increase

35
Q

atmospheric pressure

A

760 mmhg at sea level
above us at all times putting pressure on us

36
Q

you inhale when the pressure in your lungs is ___________ than atmospheric pressure

A

lower

37
Q

you exhale when the pressure in your lungs is _____________ than atmospheric pressure

A

higher

38
Q

intravelar pressure

A

inside lungs, changes based on whether you’re inhaling or exhaling
also called intrapulmonary pressure

39
Q

quiet inhalation

A

caused by contraction of the diaphragm and the external intercostals

40
Q

quiet exhalation

A

caused by elastic recoli when the diaphragm and the external intercostals relax

41
Q

75% of breaths are caused by the _________ __________

A

diaphragm dropping

42
Q

25% of breaths are caused by ___________ _________ __________ ____________

A

external intercostal muscles contracting

43
Q

a normal breathe out requires

A

no muscle activity

44
Q

forced breathing

A

involves accessory muscles that suck air in and blow it out
includes abdominal muscles

45
Q

diaphragmatic breathing

A

diaphragm taking deep breathes
easier on body

46
Q

costal/chest breathing

A

breathing comes from chest

47
Q

tidal volume

A

amount of air in a normal breath
500 mL

48
Q

inspiratory reserve volume

A

how much more you can inhale than normal

49
Q

vital capacity

A

how much lung space you can control
IRV+TV+ERV = (3100-4800 mL)

50
Q

medulla oblongata

A

controls breathing rhythm

51
Q

pons

A

control breathing rate

52
Q

too much CO2

A

respiratory rate goes up

53
Q

too little CO2

A

respiratory rate will drop body will get more

54
Q

oxygen and CO2 move from areas of _____ to ______ concentration

A

high, low

55
Q

oxygen diffuses ______ your blood

A

INTO

56
Q

CO2 diffuses _______ of your blood

A

OUT

Anatomy & Physiology (7 decks)

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