Chapter 23: Respiratory System

Question 1

larynx

Answer 1

separates upper and lower respiratory tract

Question 2

upper infections

Answer 2

more common

Question 3

lower infections

Answer 3

more dangerous

Question 4

conducting zone

Answer 4

transports air and prepares it for respiration

Question 5

respiratory zone

Answer 5

where diffusion and trading of gas (O2 and CO2) occurs

Question 6

nasal conchae creates

Answer 6

tunnels (meatuses) that swirl air around your nasal cavity

Question 7

breathing through nose makes air

Answer 7

swirl around

Question 8

breathing through your nose allows your nasal cavity to…

Answer 8

filter, warm, and humidify the air you breathe

Question 9

external nares

Answer 9

opening of nostrils

Question 9

auditory tube

Answer 9

“pressure release valve” that controls the pressure in middle ear

Question 10

internal nares

Answer 10

connect nasal cavity and the pharynx

Question 11

nasopharynx

Answer 11

top
connects to the nasal cavity

Question 12

oropharynx

Answer 12

middle
connects to the oral cavity

Question 13

laryngopharynx

Answer 13

bottom
connects to the larynx

Question 14

epiglottis cartilage

Answer 14

connects to the glottis while swallowing

Question 15

thyroid cartilage

Answer 15

creates the larynx prominence (adams apple)

Question 16

glottis

Answer 16

opening to the trachea

Question 17

trachea is held open by…

Answer 17

15-20 C shaped cartilage rings

Question 18

posterior trachea has a

Answer 18

fibroelastic membrane

Question 19

carina is where..

Answer 19

trachea branches into the primary bronchi

Question 20

how many primary bronchi do we have?

Answer 20

2 for each lung

Question 21

how many secondary bronchi do we have?

Answer 21

5 for each lobe

Question 22

how many tertiary bronchi do we have?

Answer 22

18-19 for each bronchopulmonary segment

Question 23

alveoli

Answer 23

primary gas exchange surfaces of the lungs

Question 24

respiratory zone begins with...

Answer 24

terminal bronchi

Question 26

type 2 alveolar cells

Answer 26

produce surfactant (reduces surface tension)

Question 27

the respiratory membrane is made of...

Answer 27

alveolus, a capillary, and a thin basement membrane

Question 28

right lung has how many lobes

Answer 28

3

Question 29

left lung has how many lobes

Answer 29

2

Question 30

visceral pleura

Answer 30

lines the lung

Question 31

parital pleura

Answer 31

lines the body wall

Question 32

pleural cavity is filled with...

Answer 32

pleural fluid which reduces friction and has an adhesive function

Question 33

when inhaling, you have to __________ the volume/size of the thoracic cavity to _____________ the pressure

Answer 33

increase, decrease

Question 34

when exhaling, you have to ___________ the volume/size of the thoracic cavity to ______________ the pressure

Answer 34

decrease. increase

Question 35

atmospheric pressure

Answer 35

760 mmhg at sea level above us at all times putting pressure on us

Question 36

you inhale when the pressure in your lungs is ___________ than atmospheric pressure

Answer 36

lower

Question 37

you exhale when the pressure in your lungs is _____________ than atmospheric pressure

Answer 37

higher

Question 38

intravelar pressure

Answer 38

inside lungs, changes based on whether you're inhaling or exhaling also called intrapulmonary pressure

Question 39

quiet inhalation

Answer 39

caused by contraction of the diaphragm and the external intercostals

Question 40

quiet exhalation

Answer 40

caused by elastic recoli when the diaphragm and the external intercostals relax

Question 41

75% of breaths are caused by the _________ __________

Answer 41

diaphragm dropping

Question 42

25% of breaths are caused by ___________ _________ __________ ____________

Answer 42

external intercostal muscles contracting

Question 43

a normal breathe out requires

Answer 43

no muscle activity

Question 44

forced breathing

Answer 44

involves accessory muscles that suck air in and blow it out includes abdominal muscles

Question 45

diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 45

diaphragm taking deep breathes easier on body

Question 46

costal/chest breathing

Answer 46

breathing comes from chest

Question 47

tidal volume

Answer 47

amount of air in a normal breath 500 mL

Question 48

inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 48

how much more you can inhale than normal

Question 49

vital capacity

Answer 49

how much lung space you can control IRV+TV+ERV = (3100-4800 mL)

Question 50

medulla oblongata

Answer 50

controls breathing rhythm

Question 51

pons

Answer 51

control breathing rate

Question 52

too much CO2

Answer 52

respiratory rate goes up

Question 53

too little CO2

Answer 53

respiratory rate will drop body will get more

Question 54

oxygen and CO2 move from areas of _____ to ______ concentration

Answer 54

high, low

Question 55

oxygen diffuses ______ your blood

Answer 55

INTO

Question 56

CO2 diffuses _______ of your blood

Answer 56

OUT