Chapter 28** Flashcards
Which two genera have members that can evade the human immune system by frequently changing their surface proteins?
A) Plasmodium and Trypanosoma
B) Trichomonas and Paramecium
C) Trichomonas and Trypanosoma
D) Trypanosoma and Entamoeba
A) Plasmodium and Trypanosoma
You are given an unknown organism to identify. It is unicellular and heterotrophic. It is motile, using many short extensions of the cytoplasm, each featuring the 9 + 2 filament pattern. It has well-developed organelles and two nuclei, one large and one small. To which of the following groups does this organism likely belong?
A) foraminiferan
B) radiolarian
C) ciliate
D) kinetoplastid
C) ciliate
A porous test (shell) of calcium carbonate, through which pseudopodia protrude, is characteristic of which of the following groups of organisms?
A) diatoms
B) foraminiferans
C) ciliates
D) water molds
B) Foraminiferans
Ciliates like Paramecium typically reproduce asexually. Which process in Paramecium results in genetic recombination but no increase in population size?
A) budding
B) meiotic division
C) conjugation
D) binary fission
C) conjugation
- SAR is a highly diverse group of protists defined by DNA similarities determined through whole-genome analysis of various organisms in the group. Which of the following conclusions could be drawn from this information?
A) SAR is a paraphyletic group
B) SAR is a monophyletic group
C) SAR includes organisms that have different common ancestors
D) the common ancestor of the members of this group arose relatively recently in evolutionary history
B) SAR is a monophyletic group
A biologist discovers an alga that is marine, multicellular, and lives at a depth reached only by blue light. Based on this information, to which of the following groups of algae would this organism be classified?
A) red algae
B) brown algae
C) green algae
D) golden algae
A) red algae
Which of the following groups is matched with a correct anatomical feature?
A) foraminifera–silicon-rich tests
B) dinoflagellata–holdfast
C) diatoms–tests made of cellulose
D) brown algae–blade
D) brown algae–blade
What do the multiple branching points at the root of the eukaryotic phylogenetic tree indicate about the evolution of eukaryotes?
A) that unikonts are derived from the SAR clade
B) that Archaeplastids were the first eukaryotes
C) that fungi are more closely related to plants than animals
D) that eukaryotes are all descended from a common ancestor
D) that eukaryotes are all descended from a common ancestor
Which of the following organisms is a producer?
A) kinetoplastids
B) apicomplexans
C) diatoms
D) ciliates
C) diatoms
According to the phylogeny presented in this chapter, which protists are in the same eukaryotic supergroup as plants?
A) green algae
B) dinoflagellates
C) red algae
D) both A and C
D) both A and C
Which of the following statements compares the mitosomes of diplomonads and mitochondria of other types of eukaryotes?
Mitosomes in diplomonads lack a functional electron transport chain and other eukaryotes possess one.
Which of the following characteristics is common among all protists?
Eukaryotic
Trypanosome infections evade attacks by host immune systems through which of the following mechanisms?
production of new cell-surface proteins with a different molecular structure by each new generation
Which of the following types of organisms produces algin, a substance used as a thickener in many processed foods?
Kelp
In a recent study, researchers found that carbon dioxide was pumped to the ocean floor after adding a small amount of iron to the water. Which of the following organisms was likely responsible for this result?
diatoms
