Chapter 27 Flashcards
Which of the following characteristics allows this bacterium to survive in a human who is taking penicillin pills?
A) gram-negative cell wall
B) peptidoglycan in the cell wall
C) lipopolysaccharides in the cytoplasm
D) long polypeptides in the cell wall
A) Gram-Negative cell wall
Which of the following statements correctly describes both phototrophs and chemotrophs?
A) Both are also autotrophs
B) Both obtain their energy from chemicals
C) Both obtain their energy from light
D) Chemotrophs obtain energy from chemicals and phototrophs obtain energy from light
D) Chemotrophs obtain energy from chemicals and phototrophs obtain energy from light
What is one of the primary benefits of bioremediation?
A) to improve human health with the help of living organisms such as bacteria
B) to clean up areas polluted with toxic compounds by using bacteria
C) to improve soil quality for plant growth by using bacteria
D) to improve bacteria for production of useful chemicals
B) to clean up areas polluted with toxic compounds by using bacteria
Which of the following traits do archaeans and bacteria have in common?
A) composition of the cell wall
B) composition of the cell wall and lack of a nuclear envelope
C) lack of a nuclear envelope and presence of circular chromosome
D) presence of plasma membrane and composition of the cell wall
C) lack of a nuclear envelope and presence of circular chromosome
Which of the following characteristics describe most existing bacteria?
A) pathogenic, omnipresent, morphologically diverse
B) extremophiles, tiny, abundant
C) tiny, ubiquitous, metabolically diverse
D) morphologically diverse, metabolically diverse, extremophiles
C) tiny, ubiquitous, metabolically diverse
Which of the following statements is true?
A) Archaea and bacteria have identical membrane lipids.
B) The cell walls of archaea lack peptidoglycan.
C) Prokaryotes have low levels of genetic diversity.
D) No archaea are capable of using CO2 to oxidize H2 releasing methane.
B) The cell walls of archaea lack peptidoglycan.
Photosynthesis that releases O2 occurs in ________.
A) cyanobacteria
B) archaea
C) gram-positive bacteria
D) chemoautotrophic bacteria
A) cyanobacteria
A bacterium has the following characteristics:
∙ It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration
∙ It can survive being boiled
∙ It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycan
Which of the following statements best describe the cell wall of this bacterium?
It has an outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide.
In which part of a bacterium is the complete chromosome found?
Nucleoid
Which of the following statements correctly describes F- cells and F+ cells?
F+ cells function as DNA donors during conjugation and F- cells function as DNA recipients during conjugation
Use of synthetic fertilizers often leads to the contamination of groundwater with nitrates. Nitrate pollution is also a suspected cause of anoxic “dead zones” in the ocean. Which of the following processes is most likely to help reduce nitrate pollution?
Adding denitrifying bacteria to the soil
Which of the following statements is the most likely result of conjugation involving a bacterium that contains a copy of a plasmid containing a gene for tetracycline resistance with one that does not?
the rapid spread of tetracycline resistance to other bacteria in the population
A bacterium has the following characteristics:
∙ It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration.
∙ It can survive being boiled.
∙ It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycan.
∙ The bacterium is not susceptible to the penicillin family of antibiotics.
∙ The cell also lacks F factors and F plasmids.
Which of the following statements about the bacteria is most probably accurate?
The bacterium is unable donate DNA through conjugation with another cell.
