Chapter 27 Keywords Flashcards
Amine?
Organic compounds derived from ammonia in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms in ammonia have been replaced by a carbon chain or ring.
They can be primary secondary or tertiary and they behave like bases as the lone pair on the N can accept a proton. When it does it makes a dative covalent bond.
Aliphatic Amine
The nitrogen is attached to at least one straight or branched carbon chain, the alkyl group. Eg methylamine
Aromatic Amine
Nitrogen is attached to an aromatic Acyl group. Simplest one is phenylamine
Amino Acid
Organic compound with both a basic Amine group and an acidic carboxyl group. Because of this they have very similar reactions to amines and Carboxylic Acids. When they bond together they make amide bonds.
Apart from glycine, all alpha amino Acids display chirality
Alpha amino Acid
The Amine group is attached to the alpha carbon, which is the second carbon from the Carboxylic Acid.
each varying by the variable R group attached to that alpha carbon
Beta Amino acid
The Amine group is attached to the third carbon from the Carboxylic Acid
Gamma amino Acid
Amine group attached to the fourth carbon from the Carboxylic Acid
Amides
The product of the reaction of an Acyl Chloride plus ammonia or a primary amine.
Chiral centre
Carbon that’s attached to four different atoms or groups of atoms.
*going down one path isn’t the same is going down another
Having a chiral centre leads to the existence of two non superimposable mirror images called optical isomers, or Enantiomers
* One pair of optical isomers per chiral centre
Chirailty
Not just for carbon atoms, it’s for any centre that holds attachments that can be arranged as two non superimposable mirror image forms, enantiomers.
*look at your hands
Condensation polymers
The joining of monomers with the loss of a small molecule. Two different functional groups are needed.
