Chapter 27 Key Concepts

Question 1

2 examples of amines and their function in our bodies

Answer 1

Serotonin

• acts as a neurotransmitter
• controls appetite sleep memory learning temperature regulation muscle contraction depression

Pseudoephedrine
-active ingredient in decongestion medications eg
Nose drops and cold remedies
-shrinks nasal membranes and inhibits nasal secretion

Question 2

How to name amines

Answer 2

Use the prefix amino if the NH2 isn’t on the end of the chain and say where is
Eg. 2-aminobutane

If NH2 is on the end of the chain then you use suffix -yl Amine
Eg propylamine

Question 3

Naming secondary and tertiary amines with same Alkyl group on each side

Answer 3

In secondary and tertiary amines containing the SAME alkyl group attached to the N on both sides use di and tri
Eg H3C-NH-CH3 is dimethylamine

Question 4

Naming secondary and teritary amines with DIFFERENT alkyl group on each side

Answer 4

In secondary and tertiary amines containing the DIFFERENT alkyl group attached to either side of the N then it is now an N Substituted derivative of the larger group
Eg. CH3NHCH2CH2CH3 is called
N-methylpropylamine 
Eg. CH3N(CH2CH3)CH2CH2CH3 
Is N-ethyl-N-methylpropylamine

Question 5

Uses of Lactic acid and Glycolic acid

Answer 5

Undergoes con poly to make poly(lactic acid) PLA. This and PGA pol(glycolic Acid) *the simplest two faced monomer
Are used to make biodegradable polymers.

Lactic acid is derived from maize, more lactic acid production is more sustainable than polymers derived from fossil fuels.

PGA and PLA are used to make sutures. Sutures biodegrade and soften in about a week…then dissolve completely in a couple months

Question 6

Uses of Terylene

Answer 6

Made from a diol and a dioic Acid
Aka PET used in clothing
Plastic PET bottles
Carpets
Sports clothing 
Shirts 
Ties

Question 7

Uses of nylon and how to make it

Answer 7

Either by diamine and dicarboxylic acid or diamine and diacyl Chloride. It’s a polyamide.

Different types of nylon can be made by varying the C-C chain length

It's a high strength fibre used for making
Fishing nets
Classical Guitar strings
Ropes
Parachutes 
Fabrics

Question 8

Uses of PTT

Answer 8

A polyester Used to make carpets and clothing fabrics

Question 9

Uses of Nomex

Answer 9

A synthetic heat and fire retardant Polyamide used in making oven gloves and the fire protective suits F1 drivers and pit crew wear

Question 10

Addition Polymerisation vs Condensation Polymerisation

Answer 10

Addition
Monomer has a CC DOUBLE BOND
Backbone is a continuous chain of carbon atoms

Condensation
Can have one monomer with two different functional groups
Two monomers each with di-
Polymer has Ester or amide linkages