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anatomy > Chapter 27 > Flashcards

Chapter 27 Flashcards

1
Q

Sperm (spermatoza)

A

gametes in males

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2
Q

Ova (ovum or eggs)

A

gametes in females

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3
Q

Gametes from males and female together via

A

sexual intercourse (copulation)

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4
Q

Combination Genetic info contained within gametes via

A

fertilization

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5
Q

sperm and egg together form a ____

A

zygote

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6
Q

support development of fetus is called

A

gestation

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7
Q

birth of baby is called

A

parturition

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8
Q

Embryo is (how many months)

A

1-3 months

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9
Q

fetus is (how many months)

A

3-9 months

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10
Q

Somatic cells are

A

body cells (except sex cells -sperm/egg)

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11
Q

How do somatic cells reproduce?

A

via mitosis

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12
Q

How many chromosomes do somatic cells have?

A

23 pairs

46 chromosomes

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13
Q

How do gametes reproduce (sex cells) ?

A

Meiosis

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14
Q

How many chromosomes do gametes have?

A

23 chromosomes

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15
Q

XX chromsomes (female) how many genes in X ?

A

1000 genes

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16
Q

XY chromosomes in MALES how many genes in Y

A

100 genes

17
Q

Which gender is more susceptible to sex linked conditions?

A

males

18
Q

Mitosis process is used for growth _____

A

development and repair

19
Q

gametogenesis is the

A

production of offspring in the gonads

20
Q

gonads produce

A

sex hormones and gametes

21
Q

How much sperm produced daily?

A

90 million

22
Q

How long does spermatogensis take?

A

64- 72 days

23
Q

When does spermatogensis begin?

A

pubery 14 years old

24
Q

Sustenocytes are

A

“nurse cells” nourishes growing sperm so it can survive and joined by tight junctions

25
Q

when the sperm elongates cytoplasm is removed and a tail is formed to allow ….

A

motility

26
Q

The head of sperm consists of nucleus and the tip called ____

A

acrosome

27
Q

The acrosome produces hydrolotic enzyme so

A

sperm can easily penetrate egg

28
Q

The midpiece of sperm is the ________ and produces ____

A

mitochondra, ATP

29
Q

Oogenesis produces 4 eggs but ….

A

only one is fertilized

30
Q

In mitosis the genetic composition of each diploid _______ to parent cell

A

identical

31
Q

In meiosis the diploid cell contains half as many chromosomes as the parent cell and is genetically _______ from parent cell

A

different

32
Q

Meiosis steps

A
  1. Prophase: Chromosome replication into tetrads through synapse. (chromosomes)
  2. Metaphase: Homologous chromosomes align randomly at equator
  3. Anaphase: centromeres dont separate, chromosomes separate into opposite poles of cells
  4. Telophase: nuclear membranes reform, spindle breaks down, chromatin reappears

anatomy (11 decks)

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