Chapter 25 part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Kidneys exert:

A

nitrogenous wastes

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2
Q

What is filtered via kidney?

A

ammonia, very toxic

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3
Q

Kidneys carry out ______ (new sugar from carbohydrates)

A

gluconeogenesis

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4
Q

What filters the blood and forms filtrate?

A

glomeruli

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5
Q

What regulates the flow of blood to renal arterioles and influences urine production?

A

Nerve supply (from renal plexus)

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6
Q

The interlobar artery arches over ______ and _____

A

pyramid, and deep into cortex

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7
Q

The proximal convulted tool contains _____ (increases surface area and absorption)

A

microvilli

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8
Q

What nephron part reabsorbs H20 and solutes back into blood and secretes into filtrate out of blood (ends up in urine)

A

PCT

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9
Q

What cells does the PCT have?

A

Cubodial cells

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10
Q

Nephron loop cells

A

simple squamous epithelium

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11
Q

collecting duct type of cells

A

interclated cells (maintian acid/base balance of blood)

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12
Q

The collecting ducts collect ____-

A

filtrate

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13
Q

Cortical nephrons…

A

entirely of cortex

85% of nephrons

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14
Q

Juxtamedullary nephrons consist of

A

long nephron loops deeply invade the medulla, ascending limbs have thin/thick segment and important in the production of concentrated urine

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15
Q

The glomerular capsule space captures _____

A

filtrate forced from glomerulus

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16
Q

Parts of the renal corpuscle:

A
  • squamous epithelium of (parietal layer of glomerulus capsule)
  • glomerular capsular space
  • glomerulus
17
Q

The macula densa cells act as

A

chemoreceptors that monitor NaCl concentration of the filtrate entering DCT

18
Q

Granular cells are

A

smooth muscle cells that secrete renin and are mechanoreceptors that sense BP in afferent art.

19
Q

The extraglomerular (mesengial) passes signals between the

A

mansa densa cells and granular cells

20
Q

____ ml of blood passes through glomeruli per min

21
Q

glomerular filtration produces

A

cells and protein free filtrate

22
Q

tubular reabsorption moves substances

A

from filtrate and back into blood (example: glucose)

23
Q

Tubular secretion moves substances from blood that couldn’t _____

A

pass through filtration membrane into the filtrate

24
Q

The filtration fraction is

A

the percent of blood plasma entering glomeruli becomes glomeruli filtrate

25
When efferent art. is constricted..
then it shunts and cuts of blood which means less fluid
26
The three parts of the filtration membrane?
capillary endothelium basement membrane foot processes of podocyte of glomerular capsule
27
the capillary endothelium contains _____ that _____
fenestrations, block blood cells
28
Basement membrane blocks the _______
smallest protein
29
foot processes are little spaces with ____ and block _____
filtration slits, macromolecules
30
filtration is the flow
of liquid through a membrane due to hydrostatic pressure, and pressures inside capillaries that pushes through filtration membrane
31
Who holds the greatest amount of fluid? (more than capillaries)
filtration membrane of glomeruli