Chapter 25 part 2

Question 1

Kidneys exert:

Answer 1

nitrogenous wastes

Question 2

What is filtered via kidney?

Answer 2

ammonia, very toxic

Question 3

Kidneys carry out ______ (new sugar from carbohydrates)

Answer 3

gluconeogenesis

Question 4

What filters the blood and forms filtrate?

Answer 4

glomeruli

Question 5

What regulates the flow of blood to renal arterioles and influences urine production?

Answer 5

Nerve supply (from renal plexus)

Question 6

The interlobar artery arches over ______ and _____

Answer 6

pyramid, and deep into cortex

Question 7

The proximal convulted tool contains _____ (increases surface area and absorption)

Answer 7

microvilli

Question 8

What nephron part reabsorbs H20 and solutes back into blood and secretes into filtrate out of blood (ends up in urine)

Answer 8

PCT

Question 9

What cells does the PCT have?

Answer 9

Cubodial cells

Question 10

Nephron loop cells

Answer 10

simple squamous epithelium

Question 11

collecting duct type of cells

Answer 11

interclated cells (maintian acid/base balance of blood)

Question 12

The collecting ducts collect ____-

Answer 12

filtrate

Question 13

Cortical nephrons…

Answer 13

entirely of cortex

85% of nephrons

Question 14

Juxtamedullary nephrons consist of

Answer 14

long nephron loops deeply invade the medulla, ascending limbs have thin/thick segment and important in the production of concentrated urine

Question 15

The glomerular capsule space captures _____

Answer 15

filtrate forced from glomerulus

Question 16

Parts of the renal corpuscle:

Answer 16

• squamous epithelium of (parietal layer of glomerulus capsule)
• glomerular capsular space
• glomerulus

Question 17

The macula densa cells act as

Answer 17

chemoreceptors that monitor NaCl concentration of the filtrate entering DCT

Question 18

Granular cells are

Answer 18

smooth muscle cells that secrete renin and are mechanoreceptors that sense BP in afferent art.

Question 19

The extraglomerular (mesengial) passes signals between the

Answer 19

mansa densa cells and granular cells

Question 20

____ ml of blood passes through glomeruli per min

Answer 20

1200

Question 21

glomerular filtration produces

Answer 21

cells and protein free filtrate

Question 22

tubular reabsorption moves substances

Answer 22

from filtrate and back into blood (example: glucose)

Question 23

Tubular secretion moves substances from blood that couldn’t _____

Answer 23

pass through filtration membrane into the filtrate

Question 24

The filtration fraction is

Answer 24

the percent of blood plasma entering glomeruli becomes glomeruli filtrate

Question 25

When efferent art. is constricted..

Answer 25

then it shunts and cuts of blood which means less fluid

Question 26

The three parts of the filtration membrane?

Answer 26

capillary endothelium
basement membrane
foot processes of podocyte of glomerular capsule

Question 27

the capillary endothelium contains _____ that _____

Answer 27

fenestrations, block blood cells

Question 28

Basement membrane blocks the _______

Answer 28

smallest protein

Question 29

foot processes are little spaces with ____ and block _____

Answer 29

filtration slits, macromolecules

Question 30

filtration is the flow

Answer 30

of liquid through a membrane due to hydrostatic pressure, and pressures inside capillaries that pushes through filtration membrane

Question 31

Who holds the greatest amount of fluid? (more than capillaries)

Answer 31

filtration membrane of glomeruli