Chapter 25 part 2 Flashcards
Kidneys exert:
nitrogenous wastes
What is filtered via kidney?
ammonia, very toxic
Kidneys carry out ______ (new sugar from carbohydrates)
gluconeogenesis
What filters the blood and forms filtrate?
glomeruli
What regulates the flow of blood to renal arterioles and influences urine production?
Nerve supply (from renal plexus)
The interlobar artery arches over ______ and _____
pyramid, and deep into cortex
The proximal convulted tool contains _____ (increases surface area and absorption)
microvilli
What nephron part reabsorbs H20 and solutes back into blood and secretes into filtrate out of blood (ends up in urine)
PCT
What cells does the PCT have?
Cubodial cells
Nephron loop cells
simple squamous epithelium
collecting duct type of cells
interclated cells (maintian acid/base balance of blood)
The collecting ducts collect ____-
filtrate
Cortical nephrons…
entirely of cortex
85% of nephrons
Juxtamedullary nephrons consist of
long nephron loops deeply invade the medulla, ascending limbs have thin/thick segment and important in the production of concentrated urine
The glomerular capsule space captures _____
filtrate forced from glomerulus
Parts of the renal corpuscle:
- squamous epithelium of (parietal layer of glomerulus capsule)
- glomerular capsular space
- glomerulus
The macula densa cells act as
chemoreceptors that monitor NaCl concentration of the filtrate entering DCT
Granular cells are
smooth muscle cells that secrete renin and are mechanoreceptors that sense BP in afferent art.
The extraglomerular (mesengial) passes signals between the
mansa densa cells and granular cells
____ ml of blood passes through glomeruli per min
1200
glomerular filtration produces
cells and protein free filtrate
tubular reabsorption moves substances
from filtrate and back into blood (example: glucose)
Tubular secretion moves substances from blood that couldn’t _____
pass through filtration membrane into the filtrate
The filtration fraction is
the percent of blood plasma entering glomeruli becomes glomeruli filtrate
When efferent art. is constricted..
then it shunts and cuts of blood which means less fluid
The three parts of the filtration membrane?
capillary endothelium
basement membrane
foot processes of podocyte of glomerular capsule
the capillary endothelium contains _____ that _____
fenestrations, block blood cells
Basement membrane blocks the _______
smallest protein
foot processes are little spaces with ____ and block _____
filtration slits, macromolecules
filtration is the flow
of liquid through a membrane due to hydrostatic pressure, and pressures inside capillaries that pushes through filtration membrane
Who holds the greatest amount of fluid? (more than capillaries)
filtration membrane of glomeruli
