chapter 26.3 , 26.4

Question 1

Define clasts

Answer 1

Small rock and mineral fragments

Question 2

What types of erosion are rocks on Earth’s surface exposed to?

Answer 2

Water, wind and other forces

Question 3

What does it mean if clasts are being transported?

Answer 3

Being moved from one place to another

Question 4

What does it mean if clasts are being deposited?

Answer 4

Being dropped off

Question 5

Define pore space

Answer 5

Empty spaces found between clasts

Question 6

Define compaction

Answer 6

The process which clasts stick together due to the weight of overlaying material

Question 7

Define cementation

Answer 7

Mineral precipitate slowly out of a water solution and crystallizes in the spaces between clasts

Question 8

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 8

Clasts get compacted, water flows through, causing cementation

Question 9

What is another name for clasts?

Answer 9

detrius

Question 10

What are sedimentary rocks called that are mostly made of clasts?

Answer 10

detrital sedimentary rock

Question 11

What is the decreasing size of clasts?

Answer 11

gravel, sand, silt, or clay/mud

Question 12

Which clast size would be deposited first?

Answer 12

gravel

Question 13

What are 4 common detrital sedimentary rocks?

Answer 13

conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone,

Question 14

How are chemical sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 14

Chemical sedimentary rock forms when mineral constituents in solution become supersaturated and inorganically precipitate

Question 15

If sedimentary rocks contain remains of living organisms, what are they called?

Answer 15

biochemical sedimentary rocks

Question 16

What are 2 common biochemical sedimentary rocks?

Answer 16

limestone and coal

Question 17

What are the tree types of sedimentary rock?

Answer 17

biochemical, chemical, detrital

Question 18

Metamorphic rock is changed by a combination of which 3 things?

Answer 18

Heat, pressure, and chemical reactions

Question 19

Which types of rocks can be changed by metamorphism?

Answer 19

Igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks

Question 20

What is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over large areas?

Answer 20

Regional metamorphism

Question 21

What is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over small changes?

Answer 21

contact metamorphism

Question 22

When shale is compressed, which type of metamorphic rock is created?

Answer 22

slate

Question 23

What are the two types of metamorphic rock textures?

Answer 23

Foliated and nonfoliated

Question 24

Define foliated texture

Answer 24

Crystals that are arranged in layers and bands

Question 25

Define nonfoliated texture:

Answer 25

rocks have crystals with more random orientation

Question 26

Metamorphic rocks are mainly classified based on which two things?

Answer 26

texture and composition

Question 27

Define rock cycle:

Answer 27

continual changing of rocks from one type to another

Question 28

Which types of rocks are part of the rock cycle?

Answer 28

igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

Question 29

What are the three types of rocks?

Answer 29

igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

Question 30

Which type of rocks form from molten rock?

Answer 30

igneous

Question 31

Which types of rocks are formed from clasts, precipitation, or compressed once living matter?

Answer 31

sedimentary

Question 32

Which types of rocks are formed from heat, pressure, and chemical reactions?

Answer 32

metamorphic

Question 33

What can form from hot water, evaporation, or molten rock?

Answer 33

minerals