Chapter 26 Test

Question 1

What is the study of chemical reactions that occur in living things called?

Answer 1

Biochemistry

Question 2

Which of the following shows a tertiary structure for a protein?

Answer 2

Question 3

Which of the following is a carboxylic acid functional group?

Answer 3

Question 4

What does an HIV protease inhibitor do?

Answer 4

Prevents HIV from activating its proteins

Question 5

Which of the following is not a part of DNA?

Answer 5

Ribose

Question 6

What molecule (or molecules) form(s) the backbone of a strand of RNA?

Answer 6

ribose-phosphate

Question 7

What molecule (or molecules) form(s) the backbone of a strand of DNA?

Answer 7

Deoxyribose-phosphate

Question 8

What is the complimentary DNA strand for the following sequence?

A–A–T–G–T–C–A–G–G–C

Answer 8

T–T–A–C–A–G–T–C–C–G

Question 9

Living cells store chemical energy in the bonds of molecules for both the long and short term. Which of these molecules is a short-term storage or energy transfer molecule?

Answer 9

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 10

Glucose and fructose, two simple sugars, are carbohydrates.

Which statement about these simple sugars is not correct?

Answer 10

Fructose has one less carbon atom than glucose.

Question 11

Glucose can undergo a reaction in which an
open-chain aldehdye is generated. This aldehyde is
called an aldose.
Which statement about this reaction is not correct?

Answer 11

The reactant sugar molecule reacts with water to form an aldehyde.

Question 12

Fructose reacts to yield an open-chain, carbonyl-containing molecule. Which statement about this reaction is not correct?

Answer 12

The product of this reaction is an aldehyde.

Question 13

Look at the two disaccharides, sucrose and lactose. Sucrose is table sugar. Lactose is a sugar in milk.
Which statement about these carbohydrates is not correct?

Answer 13

The bond between the simple sugars in sucrose consists of a central oxygen atom that is bonded on both sides to hydrogen atoms.

Question 14

Polysaccharides are polymers made up of simple sugars. Cellulose is a β(1→4) linked polysaccharide.
Which statement about this polymer is not correct?

Answer 14

Cellulose is a β-linked polysaccharide because the first carbon the left-side sugar molecule is linked to the fourth carbon on the right-side sugar molecule.

Question 15

How does starch differ from cellulose?

Answer 15

Starch is an α(1→4) linked polysaccharide, not a β(1→4) linked polysaccharide.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is not correct?

Answer 16

Chitin differs from cellulose because chitin contains an OH group instead of an N–acetyl group.

Question 17

A phosphoglyceride is a cell membrane lipid. Which
of the following correctly names the three
component parts, in order, of the phosphoglyceride
molecule?

Answer 17

Part 1: charged polar head; Part 2: glycerol unit; Part 3: hydrocarbon tail

Question 18

The drawing shows a cell membrane. Which statement about this cell membrane is not correct?

Answer 18

The section indicated by “A” is made up of one long lipid molecule.

Question 19

An example of a cell membrane section of lipid bilayer is shown in the drawing.
Which statement about lipid bilayers is not correct?

Answer 19

The long hydrocarbon groups are indicated by the wavy lines. They prefer an orientation that allows them to interact with water.

Question 20

The two molecules shown in the drawing are energy storage molecules. Which statement about these molecules is not correct?

Answer 20

Triglycerides are used in the body for short-term energy storage. Glucose (also shown in the drawing) is used for long-term energy storage.

Question 21

Which statement about lipids is not correct?

Answer 21

A sample of sweet cream butter is solid at room temperature. An equivalent sample of olive oil is liquid at room temperature. This happens because the butter has more total grams of triglycerides than an equivalent sample of olive oil.

Question 22

Which statement about cholesterol is not correct?

Answer 22

Cholesterol has the unique quality of being water soluble. As a result, it can interact readily with different parts of the body.

Question 23

Which statement about lipoproteins or cholesterol is not correct?

Answer 23

Both LDL and HDL are responsible for removing cholesterol from the body.

Question 24

Doctors monitor cholesterol levels in the human body for precautionary health reasons. Which statement about this is not correct?

Answer 24

It is healthier for a patient to have a higher LDL / HDL ratio than a lower LDL / HDL ratio.

Question 25

What provides extra strength in the α-helix of a protein?

Answer 25

Hydrogen bonds form within the protein.