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Honors Chemisty > 16.1.2 Hydronium, Hydroxide, and the pH Scale > Flashcards

16.1.2 Hydronium, Hydroxide, and the pH Scale Flashcards

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Honors Chemisty (145 decks)

15.1.1 The Concept of Equilibrium

15.1.2 The Law of Mass Action and Types of Equilibrium

15.1.3 Converting Between Kc and Kp

15.2.1 Approaching Chemical Equilibrium

15.2.2 Predicting the Direction of a Reaction

15.2.3 Strategies for Solving Equilibrium Problems

15.2.4 Solving Problems Far from Equilibrium

15.2.5 An Equilibrium Problem Using the Quadratic Equation

15.3.1 Le Chatelier's Principle

15.3.2 The Effect of Changing Amounts on Equilibrium

15.3.3 The Effects of Pressure and Volume on Equilibrium

15.3.4 The Effects of Temperature and Catalysts on Equilibrium

Chapter 15 Practice Test

Chapter 15 Test

16.1.1 Arrhenius/Bronsted-Lowry Definitions of Acids and Bases

16.1.2 Hydronium, Hydroxide, and the pH Scale

16.2.1 Strong Acids and Bases

16.2.3 Weak Acids

16.2.4 Weak Bases

16.2.5 Lewis Acids and Bases

16.2.6 Trends in Acid and Base Strengths

16.3.1 Examining Polyprotic Acids

16.4.1 Acid-Base Properties of Salt Solutions

Chapter 16 Practice Test

Chapter 16 Test

17.1.1 Strong Acid-Strong Base and Weak Acid-Strong Base Reactions

17.1.2 Strong Acid-Weak Base and Weak Acid-Weak Base Reactions

17.1.3 The Common Ion Effect

17.2.1 An Introduction to Buffers

17.2.3 Acidic Buffers

17.2.4 Basic Buffers

17.2.5 The Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

17.3.1 Strong Acid-Strong Base Titration

17.3.3 Weak Acid-Strong Base Titration

17.3.4 Polyprotic Acid-Strong Base Titration

17.3.5 Weak Base-Strong Acid Titration

17.3.6 Acid-Base Indicators

17.4.1 The Solubility Product Constant

17.4.3 Solubility and The Common Ion Effect

17.4.4 Fractional Precipitation

17.4.5 The Effects of pH on Solubility

17.5.1 The Formation of Complex Ions

17.5.2 Amphoteric Metal Hydroxides

Chapter 17 Practice Test

Chapter 17 Test

18.1.1 An Introduction to Reactivity

18.1.2 Bond Strengths

18.1.3 Inductive Effects

18.1.4 Hybridization Effects

18.1.5 Resonance Effects

18.1.6 Solvent Effects: Acid Dissociation versus Proton Affinity

18.2.1 A Review of Relationship Between Acids and Conjugate Bases

18.2.2 Strengths of Organic Bases

18.2.3 Solvent Effects on Organic Base Strength

18.3.1 Lewis Acids and the Formation of Acid-Base Adducts

18.3.2 Oxides as Lewis Acids

18.4.1 Nucleophilic Substitution at sp3 Carbon

18.4.2 Nucleophilic Substitution at sp2 Carbon

18.4.3 Elimination Reactions

Chapter 18 Practice Test

Chapter 18 Test

19.1.1 Spontaneous Process

19.2.1 Entropy and The Second Law of Thermodynamics

19.2.2 Entropy and Temperature

19.3.1 Gibbs Free Energy

19.3.2 Standard Free Energy Changes of Formation

19.4.1 Enthalpy and Entropy Contributions to K

19.4.2 The Temperature Dependence of K

19.4.3 Free Energy Away from Equilibrium

Chapter 19 Practice Test

Chapter 19 Test

20.1.1 Reviewing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

20.2.1 Electrochemical Cells

20.2.2 Electromotive Force

20.2.3 Standard Reduction Potentials

20.2.4 Using Standard Reduction Potentials

20.2.5 The Nernst Equation

20.2.6 Electrochemical Determinants of Equilibria

20.3.1 Batteries

20.3.3 Fuel Cells and The Hydrogen Economy

20.4.1 Corrosion and the Prevention of Corrosion

20.5.1 Electrolytic Cells

20.5.2 The Stoichiometry of Electrolysis

Chapter 20 Practice Test

Chapter 20 Test

21.1.1 The Nature of Radioactivity

21.1.2 The Stability of Atomic Nuclei

21.1.3 Binding Energy

21.2.1 Rates of Disintegration Reactions

21.2.2 Radiochemical Dating

21.3.1 Nuclear Fission

21.3.2 Nuclear Fusion

21.3.3 Applications of Nuclear Chemistry

Chapter 21 Practice Test

Chapter 21 Test

22.1.1 Metallurgical Processes

22.1.2 The Band Theory of Conductivity

22.1.3 Intrinsic Semiconductors

22.1.4 Doped Semiconductors

22.2.1 The Alkali Metals

22.2.2 The Alkaline Earth Metals

22.2.3 Aluminum

Chapter 22 Practice Test

Chapter 22 Test

23.1.1 Properties of Transition Metals

23.2.1 Complexes Ligands

23.2.2 Naming Coordination Compounds

23.2.3 Structures of Coordination Compounds and Isomers

23.3.1 Color and Transition Metals

23.3.2 Crystal Field Theory

23.3.3 Ligand Field Theory

23.3.4 Magnetic Properties and Spin

Chapter 23 Practice Test

Chapter 23 Test

24.1.1 General Properties of Nonmetals

24.1.2 Hydrogen

24.2.1 General Properties of Carbon

24.3.1 Nitrogen

24.3.2 Phosphorus

24.5.1 Halogens

24.5.2 Aqueous Halogen Compounds

24.6.1 Properties of Noble Gases

Chapter 24 Practice Test

Chapter 24 Test

25.1.2 Alkenes and Alkynes

25.1.4 Aromatic Hydrocarbons

25.2.1 Alcohols, Ethers, and Amines

25.2.2 Carbonyl-Containing Functional Groups

25.2.3 Ethanol as a Possible Fuel Source

25.3.1 Organic Polymers

Chapter 25 Practice Test

Chapter 25 Test

26.1.1 Proteins

26.1.2 Nucleic Acids

26.1.3 Carbohydrates

Chapter 26 Practice Test

Chapter 26 Test

Practice Final Exam

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