Chapter 23 Practice Test Flashcards
What is the principal characteristic of transition metals that distinguishes them from other elements?
Transition metals have partially filled d orbitals in their valence shell.
Which of the following elements is a transition metal?
gold (Au)
When we write the electron configuration for fourth period transition metals, we use the notation “[Ar]” to denote that the transition metal has the same configuration as argon plus some additional electrons. For example, Ti is written as [Ar] 3d24s2. What is the correct electron configuration for argon (Ar)?
1s22s22p63s23p6
Which of the following is not characteristic of transition metals?
Transition metals have localized valence electrons.
Which of the following statements best define what a ligand is?
A ligand is molecule or ion that bonds to a metal through a process by which the ligand donates a lone pair of electrons.
Which of the following is not a common ligand?
Fe3+
Look at the diagrams for [Co(en)3 ]3+ and Fe(EDTA).
Which statement about these polydentate ligand complexes is not correct?
In the Fe(EDTA) complex, the iron ion is surrounded by two polydentate ligands (EDTA).
Which of the following correctly names the complex ion [Cr(CN)6 ]3−?
hexacyanochromate(III) ion
What is the correct name for the neutral compound [Co(NH3 )3(H2O)3 ]2(SO4 )3?
triaminetriaquacobalt(III) sulfate
What is the correct name for the neutral coordination compound, Pt(NH3 )2Cl2?
diamminedichloroplatinum(II)
What are isomers?
Isomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula, but are different compounds.
Which statement about the constitutional isomers ethanol and dimethyl ether is not correct?
In dimethyl ether, a carbon atom is connected to the oxygen atom, and the oxygen atom is connected to a hydrogen atom.
Which statement about enantiomers is not correct?
If a molecule has an internal plane of symmetry, it can have optical isomers.
Which statement about color or the color chart is not correct?
In transition metals, the d orbitals are very far apart; therefore, any changes in ΔE are very large, resulting in colors in the ultraviolet range.
Which statement about transition metals is not correct?
Transition metals in solution exhibit a small range of color differences.
Look at the two different electron orbital arrangements for cobalt. Which statement about these arrangements is not correct?
In the ion with three electrons removed, the 3d orbitals have a higher energy level and thus contain all of the electrons.
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a strong field ligand. What is the likely color of a solution of hexacarbonylcobalt(III) ion ( [Co(CO)6 ]3+ )?
yellow
Which d orbitals are least affected by the ligands of a complex ion with square planar geometry?
dz2, dxz, and dyz
Which of the five d orbitals is lowest in energy when no ligands are present?
they are all equal in energy
Look at the orbital energy diagram for [Co(NH3 )6 ]3+ and [Co(F)6 ]3−. Which statement about this diagram is not correct?
There is greater split between the d orbitals of [Co(F)6 ]3− than the d orbitals of [Co(NH3 )6 ]3+.
Look at the molecular orbital diagram for an M–L (metal-ligand) molecule. Which statement about this diagram is not correct?
The splitting of the orbitals is caused entirely by the repulsion that results when the ligand and metal interact.
Look at the energy diagram of the different d orbitals for [Co(NH3 )6 ]3+ and [Co(F)6 ]3−. Which statement about this diagram is not correct?
The energy differences between d orbitals are not affected by the arrangement of the ligands.
Look at the illustration for the free-electron model for metals. Which statement about this model is not correct?
The valence electrons are assigned to specific orbitals in the metal.
Look at the illustration that shows the electron alignments (or orientations) for paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances. Which statement about this diagram is not correct?
Paramagnetic substances always have random electron orientations.
Which statement related to magnetism is not correct?
Lone electrons and electron pairs are attracted to magnetic fields.