Chapter 26- Stress and Associated Problems

Question 1

Stressor

Answer 1

Any factor that creates a significant change in body or environment. May be physical, psychological, or both. May be real, anticipated, or imagined. It May be short-term or long-term. It can stimulate growth and development, or have many negative influences

Question 2

Stress

Answer 2

Happens when a person’s status is altered by his or her reaction to a stressor

Question 3

Selye’s stress response

Answer 3

“Fight or flight”

Question 4

Alarm stage

Answer 4

The body’s defenses are mobilized by activation of the hypothalamus, SNS, and adrenal glands

Question 5

Second (resistance) stage

Answer 5

Hormonal levels are elevated, essential body systems operate at peak performance

Question 6

Final (exhaustion) stage

Answer 6

The body is unable to respond further or is damaged by increased demands

Question 7

Effects of the stress response

Answer 7

Elevated BP and increased heart rate, bronchodilation, and increased ventilation, increased blood glucose levels, arousal of CNS, decreased inflammatory and immune responses, increase the release of endorphin, and major or prolonged stress can result in disrupted intellectual function and memory

Question 8

Herpes simplex

Answer 8

Erupts when a person is stressed

Question 9

Asthma attacks or seizures

Answer 9

Triggered by a stressful situation

Question 10

Onset of cancer or infection

Answer 10

Frequently follows serious life crisis

Question 11

Chronic diseases

Answer 11

Stress is an exacerbating factor

Question 12

Stressor present

Answer 12

MS, RA, Lupus, Asthma, Acne, Ulcerative colitis, Eczema

Question 13

Acute renal failure

Answer 13

Prolonged severe vasoconstriction and reduced blood supply to the kidney

Question 14

Stress ulcers

Answer 14

Caused by severe trauma such as burns

Question 15

Infection

Answer 15

Another complication of severe stress

Question 16

PTSD

Answer 16

The serious consequence after a major disaster. Usually occurs within 3 months of an event. Involves revisiting or reliving the vent, avoidance of certain activities and lack of response, and dissociative state in which person is nonresponsive

Question 17

Factors that interfere with finding appropriate response to stress

Answer 17

Age, inadequate nutrition, insufficient knowledge, and lack of emotional support

Question 18

Strategies that work for stress

Answer 18

Adequate rest and healthy diet, change lifestyle to adapt to the new situation, regular moderate exercise especially when stress is high, engaging in distracting activities then back to the problem, and counseling and support services. Also, relaxation techniques, antianxiety meds, methodical approaches, etc.

Question 19

Strategies that don’t work for stress

Answer 19

Avoid sleep, eat junk food, drink too much coffee, smoking constantly