Chapter 26, Module 5; Palpitations

Question 1

CAD, lightheadedness, syncope, chest pain, dyspnea

Answer 1

Cardiac arrhythmias

Question 2

Pulse deficit, irregular heartbeat, cannon A waves on JVP

Answer 2

Cardiac arrhythmias

Question 3

Diagnostic studies of Cardiac arrhythmias?

Answer 3

ECG, continuous event or loop monitoring, CAD evaluation (stress test)

Question 4

May have positional palpitations

Answer 4

Structural causes

Question 5

Murmur may be present

Answer 5

Structural causes

Question 6

Diagnostic studies of Structural causes?

Answer 6

ECG, continuous event or loop monitoring; echocardiogram

Question 7

Panic attacks, terror

Answer 7

Panic disorder

Question 8

Physical findings for Panic disorder?

Answer 8

none

Question 9

Diagnostic studies of Panic disorder?

Answer 9

ECG, continuous event or loop monitoring

Question 10

Persistent worries, fears, and negative thoughts

Answer 10

Stress/anxiety

Question 11

Physical findings of Stress/anxiety?

Answer 11

none

Question 12

Diagnostic studies of Stress/anxiety?

Answer 12

ECG, continuous event or loop monitoring

Question 13

History of Anemia is associated with?

Answer 13

fatigue

Question 14

Pallor; pale mucous membranes

Answer 14

Anemia

Question 15

Diagnostic studies of Anemia?

Answer 15

ECG, continuous event or loop monitoring; Hct/Hgb

Question 16

Nervousness, emotional lability, fatigue, muscle weakness, weight loss with good appetite, hyperdefecation, heat intolerance, menstrual changes (oligomenorrhea), increased appetite, insomnia, and tremors

Answer 16

Hyperthyroidism

Question 17

Exophthalmos, warm skin, onycholysis, increased sweating and thinning hair, localized myxedema of legs (pretibial) or dorsa of feet; enlarged thyroid, bruit may be present; brisk DTRs

Answer 17

Hyperthyroidism

Question 18

Diagnostic studies of Hyperthyroidism?

Answer 18

ECG, continuous event or loop monitoring; TSH, Free T4 ECG, continuous event or loop monitoring; 24-hr urine; catecholamines and metanephrines; plasma metanephrines; abdominal imaging

Question 19

Severe pounding and paroxysmal headaches, sweating, nausea, visual problems, flushing, weight loss, diarrhea, nervousness, abdominal or chest pain, panic attacks

Answer 19

Pheochromocytoma

Question 20

Sweating, tremors hypertension, postural hypotension, heart may be enlarged

Answer 20

Pheochromocytoma

Question 21

Diagnostic studies of Pheochromocytoma?

Answer 21

ECG, continuous event or loop monitoring; 24-hr urine; catecholamines and metanephrines; plasma metanephrines; abdominal image

Question 22

Use of alcohol, caffeine, tobacco, digitalis, phenothiazine, theophylline, (3-agonists, and recreational drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines

Answer 22

Drugs and Stimulants

Question 23

Nasal substance users may have chronic rhinorrhea, frequent nosebleeds, and lesions in the nose or around the nostrils; pupils may be dilated secondary to substance use; dry lips, halitosis; odor of alcohol, or tobacco

Answer 23

Drugs and Stimulants

Question 24

Diagnostic studies of Drugs and Stimulants?

Answer 24

ECG, continuous event or loop monitoring; toxicology screen