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Physical Assessment > Chapter 13 Module 6; Dizziness > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Module 6; Dizziness Flashcards

1
Q

Elderly; acute-onset; recurrent vertigo; tinnitus; hearing OK

A

Brainstem dysfunction/ cerebellar dysfunction

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2
Q

Symptoms of brainstem/vertebrobasilarvascular abnormality: ataxia, double vision; lack of coordination; sensory/ motor deficits; vertical, lateral, rotary nystagmus; hearing normal; cerebellar: impaired RAM, finger-to-finger testing

A

Brainstem dysfunction/ cerebellar dysfunction

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3
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Brainstem dysfunction cerebellar dysfunction?

A

MRI

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4
Q

Onset is often in third or fourth decade of life

A

Multiple sclerosis

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5
Q

Can have no other findings or can have other neurological symptoms

A

Multiple sclerosis

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6
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Multiple sclerosis?

A

MRI

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7
Q

Headache history; other migraine symptoms

A

Migraine headache

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8
Q

Can have symptoms of vertebrobasilarvascular abnormalities, as above

A

Migraine headache

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9
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Migraine headache?

A

None

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10
Q

Adults:associated with positional changes; recurrent episodes; lasts seconds to minutes; some relief if motionless

A

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)

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11
Q

Lateral or rotary nystagmus; no tinnitus or hearing loss

A

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)

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12
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)

A

Provoke nystagmus and vertigo by position that causes response; Dix-Hallpike maneuver; ENG

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13
Q

Children: usually 2-3 yr old, sudden onset with crying by child

A

Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood

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14
Q

Vomiting, pallor, sweating, and nystagmus common; no loss of consciousness; neurological and audiological examination can be normal

A

Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood

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15
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood?

A

Can have hypoactive or absent response to caloric testing

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16
Q

Sudden onset; lasts hours, recurrent; tinnitus and fullness in ears

A

Meniere disease

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17
Q

Lateral or rotary nystagmus; fluctuating hearing loss: low tones; sensorineural

A

Meniere disease

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18
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Meniere disease?

A

Positional maneuvers, positive VOR test, audiometry, ENG

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19
Q

Sudden onset; antecedent viral infection

A

Vestibular neuronitis

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20
Q

Nausea andvomiting; nystagmus; no hearing loss, lossofequilibriumalwaysto the same side

A

Vestibular neuronitis

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21
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Vestibular neuronitis?

A

Positional maneuvers; positive VOR test

22
Q

Sudden onset, lasts hours to days

A

Labyrinthitis

23
Q

Can currently be ill; lateral nystagmus; hearing loss; rarely tinnitus; nausea and vomiting can be present

A

Labyrinthitis

24
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Labyrinthitis?

A

Positional maneuvers, positive VOR test, audiometry

25
Q

Adults; gradual onset; mild vertigo; persistent tinnitus; facial numbness, weakness

A

Acoustic neuroma

26
Q

Unilateral hearing loss, poor speech discrimination

A

Acoustic neuroma

27
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Acoustic neuroma?

A

MRI; audiometry

28
Q

History of trauma; hearing loss

A

Perilymph fistula

29
Q

Nystagmus and vertigo with pneumatic otoscopy; sensorineural hearing loss

A

Perilymph fistula

30
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Perilymph fistula?

A

Audiometry

31
Q

Pain in ear or face; history of ear or sinus infections; gradual onset of vertigo

A

Otitis/sinusitis

32
Q

Serous otitis, otitis media; tenderness over sinuses; purulent nasal discharge; no nystagmus

A

Otitis/sinusitis

33
Q

History of chronic middle ear infections

A

Cholesteatoma

34
Q

Shiny white irregular mass on otoscopic examination; foul-smelling discharge can be present; bone destruction can be visible; conductive hearing loss can be present

A

Cholesteatoma

35
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Cholesteatoma?

A

Audiometry

36
Q

Vague symptoms; recurrent; can describe self as anxious; can have other psychiatric diagnoses

A

Psychogenic

37
Q

Normal neurological and auditory examinations

A

Psychogenic

38
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Psychogenic?

A

Hyperventilation to reproduce the vertigo

39
Q

Cardiovascular history; antihypertensive medications

A

Cardiovascular

40
Q

Orthostatic blood pressure; dysrhythmias; carotid or temporal bruits

A

Cardiovascular

41
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Cardiovascular?

A

Depends on client condition and symptoms

42
Q

Vertigo, tinnitus, fullness in ears

A

Neurosyphilis

43
Q

Various clinical symptoms; papilledema, aphasia, monoplegia or hemiplegia, central nervous palsies, pupillary abnormalities, Argyll Robertson pupil; focal neurological deficits

A

Neurosyphilis

44
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Neurosyphilis?

A

Serology for syphilis

45
Q

Medication history: steroids, phenylbutazone, ethacrynic acid, aspirin, streptomycin, gentamicin, aminoglycosides, furosemide, psychotropic drugs

A

Ototoxic and salt- retaining drugs

46
Q

Sensorineural hearing loss

A

Ototoxic and salt- retaining drugs

47
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Ototoxic and salt- retaining drugs?

A

Audiometry

48
Q

History of trauma to head or ear

A

Trauma

49
Q

Depends on nature and location of injury; can exhibit peripheral or central symptoms

A

Trauma

50
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Trauma?

A

MRI/CT

Physical Assessment (27 decks)

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