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Physical Assessment > Chapter 19; Module 6; Headache > Flashcards

Chapter 19; Module 6; Headache Flashcards

1
Q

Common in adults; bilateral pain, general or localized in bandlike distribution; history of anxiety, stress, or depression

A

Tension-type headache (muscle)

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2
Q

Normal physical examination;neck muscle tightness or fasciculations may be palpated

A

Tension-type headache (muscle)

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3
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Tension-type headache (muscle)?

A

NONE

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4
Q

More common in children; unilateral, throbbing pain; nausea

A

Migraine without aura (common)

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5
Q

Photophobia and phonophobia

A

Migraine without aura (common)

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6
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Migraine without aura (common)?

A

None

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7
Q

Pain precipitated by environmental stimuli; visual disturbances (scintillating scotoma) precede pain

A

Migraine with aura (classic)

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8
Q

Nausea and vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia

A

Migraine with aura (classic)

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9
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Migraine with aura (classic)?

A

None

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10
Q

Throbbing, constant pain during waking hours; muscle tightness; family history of migraine

A

Mixed headache

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11
Q

Mix of findings related to tension and migraine headache pain

A

Mixed headache

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12
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Mixed headache?

A

None

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13
Q

Rare in children; abrupt, nighttime onset; unilateral periorbital pain that is severe

A

Cluster headache

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14
Q

Ipsilateral rhinorrhea, nasal stuffiness, conjunctival injection, sweating, ptosis

A

Cluster headache

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15
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Cluster headache?

A

none

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16
Q

Sudden onset related to physical exertion, Valsalva maneuver, or coitus

A

Benign exertional headache

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17
Q

Normal physical examination

A

Benign exertional headache

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18
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Benign exertional headache?

A

May need to distinguish from subarachnoid hemorrhage with CT scan

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19
Q

Frontal, upper molar, or periorbitalpain; cough, rhinorrhea

A

Sinusitis

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20
Q

Low to no fever; pain on palpation of frontal, maxillary sinuses; purulent nasal or postnasal discharge

A

Sinusitis

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21
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Sinusitis?

A

Radiographs (Waters view)

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22
Q

Localized pain in jaw and top of head

A

Dental disorders

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23
Q

Malocclusion, caries, abscesses of teeth present, gum disease

A

Dental disorders

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24
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Dental disorders?

A

Dental referral

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25
Q

Sore throat

A

Pharyngitis

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26
Q

Fever; infection of posterior pharynx

A

Pharyngitis

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27
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Pharyngitis?

A

Throat culture

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28
Q

Ear pain, pain with swallowing

A

Otitis media

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29
Q

Fever; red, bulging tympanic membrane

A

Otitis media

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30
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Otitis media?

A

None

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31
Q

Severe headache, chills, myalgias, stiff neck; toxic child or adult

A

Meningitis

32
Q

Positive Kernigand Brudzinski signs; fever, photophobia, petechial rash may be present; mental status changes

A

Meningitis

33
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Meningitis?

A

Lumbar puncture

34
Q

People >55 yr; bursts of sharp pain over face innervated by affected nerve ; triggered by stimulus to affected nerve

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

35
Q

Normal physical examination; stimulation of triggers may provoke pain

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

36
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Trigeminal neuralgia?

A

None

37
Q

Acute onset of pain with extraocular movement (EOM), followed by blurred vision

A

Optic neuritis

38
Q

Diminished visual acuity, decreased papillary reflex, hyperemia of optic disc; pain with EOM

A

Optic neuritis

39
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Optic neuritis?

A

Ophthalmology referral

40
Q

May have history of trauma; occipital pain, muscle stiffness

A

Cervical spine disorders

41
Q

Normal physical examination or pain associated with neck motion

A

Cervical spine disorders

42
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Cervical spine disorders?

A

Cervical spine radiographs

43
Q

Age >50 yr; sharp, localized temporal pain; malaise, anorexia; history of polymyalgia rheumatica

A

Temporal arteritis

44
Q

Fever, weight loss; tender over a nodular temporal artery

A

Temporal arteritis

45
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Temporal arteritis?

A

Elevated ESR 050); immediate referral for treatment

46
Q

History of exposure; throbbing headache, mild dyspnea

A

Carbon monoxide poisoning

47
Q

Nausea, vomiting, change in mental status, lethargy, loss of consciousness

A

Carbon monoxide poisoning

48
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Carbon monoxide poisoning?

A

Blood gases and carboxyhemoglobin level

49
Q

History of diabetes or medication, alcohol, and food ingestion; generalized headache, dizziness, sense of not feeling well

A

Severe hypoglycemia

50
Q

Normal physical examination or pallor, sweating, and weakness

A

Severe hypoglycemia

51
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Severe hypoglycemia?

A

Blood glucose level; may need self-monitoring of blood glucose to establish pattern

52
Q

Pattern of headache associated with stopping medication or substance use

A

Drug withdrawal

53
Q

Normal physical examination

A

Drug withdrawal

54
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Drug withdrawal?

A

Blood chemistry

55
Q

Mild to moderately severe headache after ingestion of foods or medication

A

Dietary ingestion

56
Q

Normal physical examination

A

Dietary ingestion

57
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Dietary ingestion?

A

Blood chemistry

58
Q

Sudden-onset headache that is progressive, exacerbated by coughing or exercise; worse in morning; history of trauma increases risk

A

Intracranial tumor

59
Q

Papilledema, vomiting, asymmetrical reflexes, weakness, sensory deficit, or other neurological deficit

A

Intracranial tumor

60
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Intracranial tumor?

A

CT scan

61
Q

Progressive headache, vomiting, irritability

A

Hydrocephalus

62
Q

Rapid enlargement of head, bulging fontanels

A

Hydrocephalus

63
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Hydrocephalus?

A

CT scan and referral

64
Q

History of head trauma, bleeding disorders, child abuse-, adult >35 yr; sudden onset of “worst headache ever,” often over eye; transient loss of consciousness

A

Subdural hematoma

65
Q

Unequal pupils, photophobia, neurological changes, seizure

A

Subdural hematoma

66
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Subdural hematoma?

A

CT scan and neurosurgical referral

67
Q

Teens, menopausal women; history of vitamin A or tetracycline ingestion; progressive headache

A

Pseudotumor cerebri

68
Q

Papilledema may be present

A

Pseudotumor cerebri

69
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Pseudotumor cerebri?

A

CT scan, neurology referral to assess risk related to lumbar puncture

70
Q

History of chronic ear infection or cyanotic heart disease

A

Brain abscess

71
Q

Fever, seizures, focal neurological deficits

A

Brain abscess

72
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Brain abscess?

A

MRI

73
Q

Risk factors; people >50 yr, withAIDS, taking anticoagulation therapy, hypertension

A

Intracerebralhemorrhage

74
Q

If conscious, abnormal neurological findings correlated with extent of lesion

A

Intracerebralhemorrhage

75
Q

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES OF Intracerebralhemorrhage?

A

Emergency transport forimmediate evaluation (CT, MRI and possible surgical treatment)

Physical Assessment (27 decks)

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