chapter 26 fetal spine

Question 1

Talipes equinovarus is assoicated with:

Answer 1

clubfoot

Question 2

The artifact seen posterior to solid structures such as fetal bone is referred to as:

Answer 2

acoustic shadowing

Question 3

The disorder associated with fetal amputations is:

Answer 3

amniotic band syndrome

Question 4

The for of inheritance in which at least one parent has to be a carrier of an abnormal gene for it to be passed to the fetus is

Answer 4

autosomal dominant

Question 5

The condition associated with the absence of the sacrum and coccyx

Answer 5

caudal regression syndrome

Question 6

All of the following are characteristics of spina bifida occulta except :
A) closed defect
B) elevated MSAFP
C) sacral dimple
D) hemangioma

Answer 6

Elevated msafp

Question 7

All of the following are characteristics of spina bifida cystica except:
A) banana sign
B) Lemon sign
C) Enlarged mass intermedia
D) Normal MSAFP

Answer 7

normal MSAFP

Question 8

In VACTERL association, the letter “C” stands for:

Answer 8

cardiac

Question 9

All of the following are associated with spina bifida except:
A) splaying of the laminae
B)Enlarged posterior Fossa
C) lemon sign
C) hydrocephalus

Answer 9

enlarged posterior fossa

Question 10

The abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is referred to as:

Answer 10

scoliosis

Question 11

All of the following are clinical or sonographic findings consistent with limb body wall complex except:
A. Ventral Wall Defects
B. Decreased MSAFP
C. Marked scoliosis
D. Shortened umbilical cord

Answer 11

decreased MSAFP

Question 12

A disorder that results in abnormal bone growth and dwarfism is:

Answer 12

achondroplasia

Question 13

The group of fetal head and brain abnormalities that often coexsist with spina bifida is referred to as

Answer 13

arnold chiari II malformation

Question 14

in VACTERL association, the letter “L” stands for

Answer 14

limb

Question 15

The most common non lethal skeletal dysplasia is:

Answer 15

achondroplasia

Question 16

Achondroplasia is associated with all of the following except:
A. Frontal Bossing
B. Flattened Nasal Bridge
C. Trident Hand
D. Absent mineralization of skull

Answer 16

absent mineralization of the skull

Question 17

The thalamic tissue located within the third ventricle of the brain that can become enlarged with arnold chiari II malformation

Answer 17

massa intermedia

Question 18

Rhizomelis denotes

Answer 18

shortening of the proximal segment of a limb

Question 19

An absent sacrum and coccyx is referred to as:

Answer 19

caudal regression syndrome

Question 20

All of the following are characteristic sonographic findings of achondrogenesis except:
A) micromelia
B) absent mineralization of the pelvis
C) multiple dislocated joints
D) polyhydramnion

Answer 20

multiple dislocated joints

Question 21

A bell shaped chest and multiple fetal fractures are indicative of:

Answer 21

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 22

Upon sonographic interrogation of a 28 week pregnancy, you note that when pressure is applied to the fetal skull, the skull can be easily distorted:

Answer 22

osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 23

All of the following are signs of arnold chiari II syndrom except 
A) S-shaped spine
B) Banana sign
C) lemon sign
D) colpocephaly

Answer 23

s-shaped spine

Question 24

All of the following are associated with amniotic band syndrome except:
A) amputation of fetal parts
B) anencepahly
C)facial clefting
D) Sunechiae

Answer 24

synechiae

Question 25

Sirenomelia is commonly referred to as:

Answer 25

mermaid syndrome

Question 26

Absence of the radius is referred to as

Answer 26

radial ray defect

Question 27

Sonographically, you visualize a mass extending from the distal spine of a fetus.  This mass could be all of the following except:
A. Sacrococcygeal teratoma
B. Meningocele
C. Meningomyelocele
D. Phocomeningocele

Answer 27

phocomeningocele

Question 28

A cloverleaf skull and hydrocephalus is seen with:

Answer 28

thanatophoric dysplasia

Question 29

A protein produced by the yolk sac and fetal liver that is found in excess in the maternal circulation in the presence of a neural tube defect is:

Answer 29

AFP

Question 30

What condition is associated with bilateral renal agenesis, oligohydraminos, and fusion of the lower extremities:

Answer 30

sirenomelia