Chapter 25 (The Fetal Face and Neck)

Question 1

The absence of the eyes is termed:

Answer 1

anophthalmia

Question 2

A reduction in the distance between the orbits is referred to as:

Answer 2

hypotelorism

Question 3

The most frequently encountered chromosomal abnormality associated with holoprosencephaly is:

Answer 3

Trisomy 13

Question 4

The fetal lip typically closes by:

Answer 4

8 weeks

Question 5

The most common cause of hypertelorism:

Answer 5

anterior cephalocele

Question 6

Macroglossia is most commonly found with:

Answer 6

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Question 7

An oral teratoma is referred to as:

Answer 7

epignathus

Question 8

Cleft lip and cleft palate may exist with:

Answer 8

Amniotic band syndrome, holoprosencephaly, Trisomy 13

Question 9

An increase distance between the orbits is referred to as:

Answer 9

hypertelorism

Question 10

The optimal scan plane to visualize micrognathia is:

Answer 10

sagittal

Question 11

A cystic hygroma is the result of:

Answer 11

an abnormal accumulation of lymphatic fluid within the soft tissue

Question 12

A cystic hygroma is found in all of the following conditions except:
A. Edwards syndrome
B. Hydranencephaly
C. Turner sydrome
D. All of the above

Answer 12

Hydranencephaly

Question 13

Nuchal thickening is most commonly associated with:

Answer 13

Down syndrome

Question 14

Micrognathia is a condition found in:

Answer 14

Trisomy 18

Question 15

The most common location of a cystic hygroma is within the:

Answer 15

neck

Question 16

An unusual protuberance of the tongue is termed:

Answer 16

macroglossia

Question 17

Facial anomalies, when discovered, should prompt the sonographer to analyze the brain closely for signs of:

Answer 17

holoprosencephaly

Question 18

The measurement obtained between the lateral walls of the orbits is referred to as the:

Answer 18

binocular diameter

Question 19

A large, mostly cystic mass is noted in the cervical spine region of a fetus. This likely represents a :

Answer 19

cystic hygroma

Question 20

A group of abnormalities associated with the entrapment of fetal parts and fetal amputations is:

Answer 20

amniotic band syndrome

Question 21

The growth disorder syndrome synonymous with organ, skull, and tongue enlargement is:

Answer 21

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Question 22

Which of the following is also referred to as Patau Syndrome?

Answer 22

Trisomy 13

Question 23

Close-set eyes and a nose with a single nostril is termed:

Answer 23

cebocephaly

Question 24

An abnormal division in the lip is referred to as:

Answer 24

cleft lip

Question 25

Fusion of the orbits is termed:

Answer 25

cyclopia

Question 26

The thickness of the nuchal fold in the second trimester should not exceed:

Answer 26

6mm

Question 27

A small mandible is termed:

Answer 27

micrognathia

Question 28

The condition in which there is no nose and a proboscis separating two close-set orbits is:

Answer 28

ethmocephaly

Question 29

All of the following are sonographic features of holoprosencephaly except:
A. cystic hydroma
B. proboscis with cyclopia
C. Fused thalamus
D. Monoventricle

Answer 29

A. cystic hydroma