Chapter 20 (Postmenopausal Son. & Sonohysterography)

Question 1

The absence of menstrual bleeding is termed:

Answer 1

amenorrhea

Question 2

Asherman syndrome is associated with:

Answer 2

endometrial adhesions

Question 3

______ can be used as a tumor marker for endometrial carcinoma.

Answer 3

CA-125

Question 4

The removal of tissue from the endometrium by scraping is termed:

Answer 4

curettage

Question 5

Measurement of the endometrium should include:

Answer 5

the measurement from the basal layer to the basal layer

Question 6

The most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding is:

Answer 6

endometrial atrophy

Question 7

The best description for endometrial polyps is:

Answer 7

benign nodules of hyperplastic endometrial tissue

Question 8

Blood accumulation within the uterus is termed:

Answer 8

hematometra

Question 9

_______ is a gynecologic procedure to remove an endometrial polyp.

Answer 9

hysteroscopy with polypectomy

Question 10

Cessation of menstruation with advanced age is termed:

Answer 10

menopause

Question 11

Stein-Leventhal syndrome is related to:

Answer 11

infertility, anovulatory cycles, hirsutism

Question 12

The breast cancer treatment drug that may alter the sonographic appearance of the endometrium is:

Answer 12

Tamoxifen

Question 13

Possible benefits of estrogen replacement therapy include:

Answer 13

reduction in osteoporosis risk

Question 14

Unopposed estrogen therapy has been shown to increase the risk for developing

Answer 14

endometrial carcinoma

Question 15

The sonographic appearance of a 59 year old woman on hormone replacement therapy is:

Answer 15

variable depending upon the menstrual cycle

Question 16

Tamoxifen has been linked with all the following except:
A. endometrial polyps
B. endometrial hyperplasia
C. endometrial leiomyoma
D. endometrial carcinoma

Answer 16

C. endometrial leiomyoma

Question 17

Tamoxifen effects on the endometrium will sonographically appear as:

Answer 17

cystic changes within a thickened endometrium

Question 18

Causes of postmenopausal bleeding include all of the following except:
A. Asherman syndrome
B. Endometrial atrophy
C. Endometrial hyperplasia
D. Intracavitary fibroids

Answer 18

A. Asherman syndrome

Question 19

An asymptomatic 65 year old presents to the lab with pelvic pain but no vaginal bleeding. Her endometrial thickness should not exceed:

Answer 19

8 mm (contrary to Leah’s 5mm rule)

Question 20

An 84 year old patient presents with sudden onset of vaginal bleeding. Her endometerium should not exceed:

Answer 20

5mm

Question 21

With endometrial atrophy, the endometrial thickness should not exceed:

Answer 21

5 mm

Question 22

A 68 year old presents with vaginal bleeding. Whats the most likely cause?

Answer 22

endometrial atrophy

Question 23

A 60 year old has a sudden onset of vaginal bleeding. Son exam reveals an endometrium that measures 4 mm. There are no other significant sonographic findings. What’s the diagnosis?

Answer 23

endometrial atrophy

Question 24

A 67 year old on hormone replacement therapy presents to the lab with abnormal uterine bleeding. Sonographically, the endometrium measures 9 mm and contains small cystic areas. The likely cause of her bleeding is

Answer 24

endometrial hyperplasia

Question 25

Endometrial hyperplasia may be caused by all of the following except:
A. hormone replacement therapy
B. estrogen replacement therapy
C. endometrial atrophy
D. tamoxifen

Answer 25

C. endometrial atrophy

Question 26

All of the following are clinical findings with endometrial hyperplasia except:
A. obesity
B. PCOS
C. abnormal uterine bleeding
D. thickened endometrium

Answer 26

D. thickened endometrium (i dont get it)

Question 27

The sonographic findings of an endometrial polyp include:

Answer 27

diffuse thickening of the endometrium

Question 28

Endometrial polyps are associated with all of the following except:
A. Intermenstrual bleeding
B. tamoxifen therapy
C. prolapse through the cervix
D. Coronary heart disease

Answer 28

D. coronary heart disease

Question 29

A 34 year old has intermenstrual bleeding. Son findings include a focal irregularity and enlargment of one area of the endometrium. Most likely diagnosis:

Answer 29

endometrial polyps

Question 30

The most common female genital tract malignancy is:

Answer 30

Endometrial carcinoma