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AP 2 > Chapter 26: Digestive System QUIZ 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 26: Digestive System QUIZ 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of the gastrointestinal tract?

A

mouth
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine: appendix, colon, rectum
anus

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2
Q

What are the accessory organs of the GI tract?

A

teeth
tongue
salivary glands
liver
gallbladder
pancreas

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3
Q

What are the 6 steps in the processing of food?

A
  1. ingestion
  2. secretion
  3. mixing and propulsion
  4. digestion
  5. absorption
  6. defecation
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4
Q

What are the 2 types of digestion?

A

mechanical
chemical

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5
Q

What are the layers of the gut wall (from inside to outside)?

A
  1. mucosa
  2. submucosa
  3. muscularis
  4. serosa
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6
Q

What are the layers of the gut wall also called?

A

tunics

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7
Q

What kind of epithelium are in the mouth, esophagus and anal canal?

A

non-keratinized stratified squamous

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8
Q

What are the 3 layers of the mucosa?

A
  1. epithelium
  2. lamina propria
  3. muscularis mucosa
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9
Q

These are the smooth muscle fibers which produce the folds of the mucous membrane to increase the surface area

A

muscularis mucosa

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10
Q

The involuntary contractions of smooth muscle produce what?

A

peristaltic waves

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11
Q

What does the visceral peritoneum cover?

A

organs in the abdominal cavity

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12
Q

What lines the abdominal cavity?

A

parietal peritoneum

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13
Q

The peritoneal cavity is filled with what?

A

serous fluid

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14
Q

What are the folds of the intestines called?

A

mesentery
mesocolon
falciform ligament
lesser omentum
greater omentum

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15
Q

What are the functions of saliva?

A

moisten the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract
lubricate the food
begin digestion
kills bacteria as a first line of defense

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16
Q

What are the 3 salivary glands called?

A

parotic glands
submandibular glands
sublingual glands

17
Q

What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx?

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

18
Q

What are the 4 regions of the stomach?

A

cardia
fundus
body
pyloris

19
Q

What is the partially digested food in the stomach called?

A

chyme

20
Q

What are the curvatures of the stomach?

A

greater curvature
lesser curvature

21
Q

What are the 4 secretory cells in the stomach mucosa?

A

chief cells
parietal cells
G cells
mucous cells

22
Q

How does the muscularis of the stomach differ from the rest of the gut wall?

A

there is also an oblique layer to better churn the contents

23
Q

What are the 3 regions of the small intestine?

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

24
Q

What are the digestive enzymes in the small intestine?

A

protease - protein
lactase - sugar
nuclease - RNA/DNA
amalase - starch

25
Q

What are the regions of the large intestine?

A

cecum
colon
rectum
anal canal

26
Q

What are the pouches in the large intestine?

A

haustra

27
Q

What causes hemorrhoids?

A

pregnancy
low fiber diet
straining upon defecation
genetics

AP 2 (9 decks)

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