Chapter 21 Blood Flashcards
What does the cardiovascular system consist of?
heart
blood
blood vessels
Blood is CT consisting of what?
formed elements (cells and platelets)
a liquid matrix (plasma)
What are the 3 functions of blood?
transport
regulation
protection
Does blood flow in an open or closed system?
closed systm of vessels pumped by the heart
What is the average blood volume in human adults?
5 L
What is the homeostatic range of blood pH?
7.35 to 7.45
What is plasma?
the clear, straw coloured liquid portion of blood
What is serum?
plasma minus the clotting proteins
What are the 3 major plasma proteins made by the liver?
albumins
globulins
clotting factors
What do albumins do?
maintain plasma osmotic pressure and blood volume
transport fatty acids, some hormones and some drugs
What do globulins do?
alpha and beta globulins transport fatty acids, hormones and drugs
immunoglobulins:antibodies (made by white blood cells, not liver)
What do clotting factors do?
fibrinogen and prothrombin are precursors to clotting fibers
What are other solutes in blood?
salts or electrolytes
buffers
organic solutes other than plasma protein
gases
What are the 3 types of formed elements in blood?
eryththrocytes (red blood cells)
leukocytes (white blood cells)
thrombocytes (platelets)
Which formed element is most abundant?
erythrocytes (RBC)
What is hematocrit?
the percentage of red blood cells per unit volume of blood (47 in males, 42 in females)
What is erythropoeisis?
the formation of RBC
occurs in red bone marrow
What is the lifespan of RBC?
about 120 days
What is the lifespan of WBC
days to decades.
most from hours to days
Which granulocyte is the most abundant and first on scene?
neutrophils
Which lymphocytes provide a specific immune response?
B cells
T cells
Which lymphocytes are non-specific?
Natural Killer Cells
What are the types of leukocytes?
neutrophils
lymphocytes
monocytes
eosinophils
basophils
What organ stores platelets?
the spleen
