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AP 2 > Chapter 21 Blood > Flashcards

Chapter 21 Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What does the cardiovascular system consist of?

A

heart
blood
blood vessels

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2
Q

Blood is CT consisting of what?

A

formed elements (cells and platelets)
a liquid matrix (plasma)

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3
Q

What are the 3 functions of blood?

A

transport
regulation
protection

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4
Q

Does blood flow in an open or closed system?

A

closed systm of vessels pumped by the heart

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5
Q

What is the average blood volume in human adults?

A

5 L

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6
Q

What is the homeostatic range of blood pH?

A

7.35 to 7.45

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7
Q

What is plasma?

A

the clear, straw coloured liquid portion of blood

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8
Q

What is serum?

A

plasma minus the clotting proteins

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9
Q

What are the 3 major plasma proteins made by the liver?

A

albumins
globulins
clotting factors

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10
Q

What do albumins do?

A

maintain plasma osmotic pressure and blood volume
transport fatty acids, some hormones and some drugs

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11
Q

What do globulins do?

A

alpha and beta globulins transport fatty acids, hormones and drugs
immunoglobulins:antibodies (made by white blood cells, not liver)

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12
Q

What do clotting factors do?

A

fibrinogen and prothrombin are precursors to clotting fibers

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13
Q

What are other solutes in blood?

A

salts or electrolytes
buffers
organic solutes other than plasma protein
gases

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14
Q

What are the 3 types of formed elements in blood?

A

eryththrocytes (red blood cells)
leukocytes (white blood cells)
thrombocytes (platelets)

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15
Q

Which formed element is most abundant?

A

erythrocytes (RBC)

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16
Q

What is hematocrit?

A

the percentage of red blood cells per unit volume of blood (47 in males, 42 in females)

17
Q

What is erythropoeisis?

A

the formation of RBC
occurs in red bone marrow

18
Q

What is the lifespan of RBC?

A

about 120 days

19
Q

What is the lifespan of WBC

A

days to decades.
most from hours to days

20
Q

Which granulocyte is the most abundant and first on scene?

A

neutrophils

21
Q

Which lymphocytes provide a specific immune response?

A

B cells
T cells

22
Q

Which lymphocytes are non-specific?

A

Natural Killer Cells

23
Q

What are the types of leukocytes?

A

neutrophils
lymphocytes
monocytes
eosinophils
basophils

24
Q

What organ stores platelets?

A

the spleen

AP 2 (9 decks)

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