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A/P II > Chapter 25 QUIZ > Flashcards

Chapter 25 QUIZ Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of ureters?

A

Transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder

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2
Q

What is the function of the urinary bladder?

A

Temporary storage reservoir for urine

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3
Q

What is the function of the urethra?

A

Transport urine out of the body

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4
Q

What is the renal fascia?

A

Anchoring outer layer of dense fibrous connective tissue

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5
Q

What is the fibrous capsule and it’s function?

A

Transparent capsule that prevents spread of infection to kidney

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6
Q

What is the renal cortex?

A

Granular appearing superficial region 2

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7
Q

Renal medulla

A

Deep to cortex, composed of medullary pyramids

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8
Q

Renal pyramids are separated by _____ _______ which are inward extensions of cortical tissues

A

Renal columns

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9
Q

How many lobes per kidney?

A

About eight.

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10
Q

What is the renal pelvis?

A

Funnel shaped tube continuous with ureter

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11
Q

What is a minor calyces?

A

Cup shaped area that collects urine draining from pyramidal papillae.

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12
Q

What is a major calyces?

A

Areas that collect urine from minor calyces. Empty urine into renal pelvis

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13
Q

What is the flow of urine?

A

Renal pyramid - > Minor calyx -> Major calyx - > Renal pelvis -> Ureter

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14
Q

What is the nerve supply to the kidney?

A

Sympathetic fibers from renal plexus

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15
Q

What is the glomerulus?

A

Tuft of capillaries composed of fenestrated endothelium. Highly porous capillaries that allow for efficient filtrate formation

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16
Q

What is filtrate?

A

Plasma derived fluid that renal tubules process to urine part of renal capsule.

17
Q

What is bowman’s capsule?

A

Cup shaped, hollow structure surrounding the glomerulus

18
Q

What does the bowman capsule consist of ?

A

Two layers (parietal and visceral)

19
Q

What is the parietal layer made of?

A

Simple squamous epithelium

20
Q

What does the visceral layer do?

A

Clings to glomerular capillaries

21
Q

What is JGC (Juxtaglomerular complex)

A

Distal portion of ascending limb of nephron loop. Afferent (sometimes efferent) arteriole.

22
Q

What is the purpose of JGC?

A

Regulating rate of filtration and blood pressure

23
Q

What are the 3 cell populations in JGC?

A

Macula densa, Granular cells, Extraglomerular mesangial cells

24
Q

What is GFR

A

The volume of filtrate formed per minute by both kidneys. Normal is 120-125 ml/min.

25
Q

GFR is directly proportional to what?

A

Directly proportional to - net filtration pressure, total surface area available for filtration, filtration membrane permeability, intrinsic controls.

26
Q

Norepinephrine is released by what?

A

Sympathetic nervous system

27
Q

Epinephrine is released by what?

A

Adrenal medulla

28
Q

What are the intrinsic controls?

A

Maintain GFR in kidney. Increased GFR causes increased urine output which lowers blood pressure and vice versa

29
Q

What are extrinsic controls?

A

Maintain systemic blood pressure. Nervous system and endocrine mechanisms are main extrinsic controls

30
Q
A

A/P II (9 decks)

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