23.1 - 23.6 Quiz Flashcards

(25 cards)

1
Q

Main 4 functions of the digestive system

A
  1. Take in food
  2. Break it down into nutrient molecules
  3. Absorb molecules into the bloodstream
  4. Rid the body of any indigestible remains
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2
Q

Two groups of the organs of the digestive system

A

Alimentary canal and Accessory digestive organs

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3
Q

What is involved in the alimentary canal?

A

GI tract, gut, from mouth to anus.

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4
Q

What is involved in the accessory digestive organs?

A

Teeth, tongue, gallbladder, digestive glands (salivary, liver, pancreas)

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5
Q

What are the 6 processes of digestion?

A
  1. Ingestion
  2. Propulsion.
  3. Mechanical breakdown
  4. Digestion
  5. Absorption
  6. Defecation
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6
Q

Define ingestion

A

Eating

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7
Q

Define propulsion

A

Movement of food through the alimentary canal (Swallowing and peristalsis)

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8
Q

Define mechanical breakdown

A

Chewing, mixing food with saliva, churning food in stomach and segmentation

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9
Q

Define digestion

A

Series of catabolic steps involves enzymes that break down complex food molecules into chemical building blocks

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10
Q

Define absorption

A

Passage of digested fragments from lumen of GI tract into blood and lymph

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11
Q

Define defecation

A

Elimination of indigestible substances via anus in form of feces

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12
Q

Define peritoneum

A

Serous membranes of abdominal cavity that consist of visceral and parietal peritoneum.

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13
Q

Define visceral peritoneum

A

Membrane on external surface of digestive organs

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14
Q

Define parietal peritoneum

A

Membranes that line body wall

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15
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity?

A

Fluid filled space between two peritoneums. Lubricates mobile organs

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16
Q

Define mesentery

A

Double layer of peritoneum, fused back to back. Body wall to digestive organs. Holds organs in place and stores fat.

17
Q

Where are intraperitoneal organs located?

A

Within the peritoneum

18
Q

Where are retroperitoneal organs located?

A

Outside or posterior to the peritoneum

19
Q

All digestive organs have the same four basic layers

A
  1. Mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscularis externa
  4. Serosa
20
Q

What is the purpose of mucosa?

A

Tunic layer that lines lumen. Different layers perform one or all three. Secretes mucus, digestive enzymes and hormones. Absorbs end products of digestion. Protects against infectious disease.

21
Q

What is the purpose of submucosa?

A

Consists of areolar connective tissue. Contains blood, lymphatic vessels.

22
Q

What is the purpose of muscularis externa?

A

Muscle layer responsible for segmentation and peristalsis. Circular layer thickens in some areas to form sphincters

23
Q

What is the purpose of serosa?

A

Outermost layer of visceral peritoneum. Formed from areolar connective covered with mesothelium.

24
Q

Sphlanchic circulation includes what?

A

Arteries that branch off aorta to serve digestive organs. Hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries. Inferior and superior mesenteric arteries.

25
Hepatic portal circulation purpose?
Drains nutrient rich blood from digestive organs. Delivers blood to the liver of processing.