23.1 - 23.6 Quiz

Question 1

Main 4 functions of the digestive system

Answer 1

1. Take in food
2. Break it down into nutrient molecules
3. Absorb molecules into the bloodstream
4. Rid the body of any indigestible remains

Question 2

Two groups of the organs of the digestive system

Answer 2

Alimentary canal and Accessory digestive organs

Question 3

What is involved in the alimentary canal?

Answer 3

GI tract, gut, from mouth to anus.

Question 4

What is involved in the accessory digestive organs?

Answer 4

Teeth, tongue, gallbladder, digestive glands (salivary, liver, pancreas)

Question 5

What are the 6 processes of digestion?

Answer 5

1. Ingestion
2. Propulsion.
3. Mechanical breakdown
4. Digestion
5. Absorption
6. Defecation

Question 6

Define ingestion

Answer 6

Eating

Question 7

Define propulsion

Answer 7

Movement of food through the alimentary canal (Swallowing and peristalsis)

Question 8

Define mechanical breakdown

Answer 8

Chewing, mixing food with saliva, churning food in stomach and segmentation

Question 9

Define digestion

Answer 9

Series of catabolic steps involves enzymes that break down complex food molecules into chemical building blocks

Question 10

Define absorption

Answer 10

Passage of digested fragments from lumen of GI tract into blood and lymph

Question 11

Define defecation

Answer 11

Elimination of indigestible substances via anus in form of feces

Question 12

Define peritoneum

Answer 12

Serous membranes of abdominal cavity that consist of visceral and parietal peritoneum.

Question 13

Define visceral peritoneum

Answer 13

Membrane on external surface of digestive organs

Question 14

Define parietal peritoneum

Answer 14

Membranes that line body wall

Question 15

What is the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 15

Fluid filled space between two peritoneums. Lubricates mobile organs

Question 16

Define mesentery

Answer 16

Double layer of peritoneum, fused back to back. Body wall to digestive organs. Holds organs in place and stores fat.

Question 17

Where are intraperitoneal organs located?

Answer 17

Within the peritoneum

Question 18

Where are retroperitoneal organs located?

Answer 18

Outside or posterior to the peritoneum

Question 19

All digestive organs have the same four basic layers

Answer 19

1. Mucosa
2. Submucosa
3. Muscularis externa
4. Serosa

Question 20

What is the purpose of mucosa?

Answer 20

Tunic layer that lines lumen. Different layers perform one or all three. Secretes mucus, digestive enzymes and hormones. Absorbs end products of digestion. Protects against infectious disease.

Question 21

What is the purpose of submucosa?

Answer 21

Consists of areolar connective tissue. Contains blood, lymphatic vessels.

Question 22

What is the purpose of muscularis externa?

Answer 22

Muscle layer responsible for segmentation and peristalsis. Circular layer thickens in some areas to form sphincters

Question 23

What is the purpose of serosa?

Answer 23

Outermost layer of visceral peritoneum. Formed from areolar connective covered with mesothelium.

Question 24

Sphlanchic circulation includes what?

Answer 24

Arteries that branch off aorta to serve digestive organs. Hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries. Inferior and superior mesenteric arteries.

Question 25

Hepatic portal circulation purpose?

Answer 25

Drains nutrient rich blood from digestive organs. Delivers blood to the liver of processing.