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a/p ii > 22.1-22.3 Quiz > Flashcards

22.1-22.3 Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 major functions of the respiratory system?

A

1.Supply body with O2 for cellular respiration.
2. Dispose of CO2 (waste product of cellular respiration)
3. Olfaction
4. Speech

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2
Q

What are the four processes of respiration?

A
  1. Pulmonary ventilation
  2. External respiration
  3. Internal respiration
  4. Transport
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3
Q

Define pulmonary ventilation

A

Breathing. Movement of air in and out of the lungs

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4
Q

Define internal respiration

A

Exchange of O2 and CO2 between systemic blood vessels and tissues

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5
Q

Define external respiration

A

Exchange of O2 and CO2 between lungs and blood

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6
Q

Define transport

A

O2 and CO2 in blood

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7
Q

What are the 3 things involved in the upper respiratory system?

A

Nose/nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx

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8
Q

What are the 4 things involved in the lower respiratory system?

A

Larynx, trachea, bronchi/branches, lungs/alveoli.

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9
Q

What is the only external portion of the respiratory system?

A

The nose

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10
Q

What are the 5 functions of the nose?

A
  1. Provides airway for respiration
  2. Moistens and warms entering air
  3. Filters and cleans inspired air
  4. Serves as a resonating chamber for speech
  5. Houses olfactory receptors
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11
Q

What are the 2 regions of the nose?

A

External nose and nasal cavity

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12
Q

The nasal cavity contains ____ glands which contain mucus secreting mucus and ____ cells

A

Seromucous. Serous

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13
Q

Both serous and mucus secretions contain ______ and ______

A

Lysozymes and defensins

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14
Q

______ cells sweep contaminated mucus posteriorly toward throat

A

Ciliated

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15
Q

Inspired air is ____ by plexuses of capillaries and veins in nasal cavity

A

Warmed

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16
Q

Nasal mucosa contains ____ _____ _____ that cause sneezing

A

Sensory nerve endings

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17
Q

A funnel shaped muscular tube that runs from the base of the skill to vertebra C6

A

Pharynx

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18
Q

The pharynx connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the _____ and _____

A

Larynx and esophagus

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19
Q

The pharynx is composed of what type of muscle?

A

Skeletal muscle

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20
Q

What are the 3 regions of the pharynx from high to low.

A

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx

21
Q

An air passageway that runs posterior to the nasal cavity

A

Nasopharynx

22
Q

The nasopharynx lining contains _______ _______ ________

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

23
Q

The nasopharynx contains the ____ tonsils also known as _____

A

Pharyngeal, adenoids

24
Q

The nasopharynx also contains the ______ tubes also known as _____ _____ that drain and equalize pressure in the middle ear.

A

Pharyngotympanic. Auditory tubes

25
Q

Passageway for food and air from level of soft palate to epiglottis

A

Oropharynx

26
Q

The oropharynx lining consists of _____ ______ ______

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

27
Q

The oropharynx contains the _____ _____ _____ which is an opening to the oral cavity

A

Isthmus of fauces

28
Q

The oropharynx contains the _____ and ____ tonsils

A

Palatine, lingual

29
Q

The palatine tonsils are located where

A

Lateral walls of fauces

30
Q

The lingual tonsils are located where

A

Posterior surface of tongue

31
Q

A passageway for food and air

A

Laryngopharynx

32
Q

The laryngopharynx is posterior to the upright ______

A

Epiglottis

33
Q

The laryngopharynx extends to the _____ where it is continuous with the _____

A

Larynx, esophagus

34
Q

The laryngopharynx is lined with ____ ____ ______

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

35
Q

The epiglottis consists of _____ ______

A

Elastic cartilage

36
Q

The epiglottis covers what during swallowing?

A

Laryngeal inlet

37
Q

The epiglottis is covered in what?

A

Taste buds containing mucous.

38
Q

What is the core of vocal cords and what are they also known as?

A

Vocal ligaments. True vocal cords

39
Q

What is the glottis?

A

Opening between vocal folds

40
Q

What are vestibular folds also known as?

A

False vocal cords

41
Q

What is speech?

A

Intermittent release of expired air

42
Q

Air passages undergo how many orders of branching? It’s also referred to as a ____ ____

A
  1. Bronchial tree.
43
Q

Conducing zone structures give rise to ______ _____ _______

A

Respiratory zone structures.

44
Q

Respiratory zone begins where ______ bronchioles feed into ______ bronchioles

A

Terminal. Respiratory.

45
Q

Respiratory bronchioles lead into _____ _____ and finally ______ _____

A

Alveolar ducts. Alveolar sacs.

46
Q

What is the respiratory membrane?

A

Blood air barrier that consists of alveolar and capillary walls. Very thin

47
Q

Alveolar walls consist of ____ and ____

A

Single layer squamous epithelium and scattered cuboidal type II alveolar cells, secrete surfactant.

48
Q

Lungs are mostly composed of _____, the rest is ____

A

Alveoli. Stroma.

a/p ii (9 decks)

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