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physical science > Chapter 25 > Flashcards

Chapter 25 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

When Hess discovered the system of mountain ranges on the seafloor what did he name it?????????

A

Hess discovered a system of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys, which is when he made the name mid-ocean ridge.

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2
Q

What Is a rift-valley?????

A

A long, narrow depression between peaks along the mid-ocean ridge

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3
Q

What is the boundary when two plates collide called???????

A

Convergent Plate Boundary.

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4
Q

How is subduction described

A

Thin, dense, and a form of magma.It also can transfer heat and fluids through a oceanic plate which then goes through a mantel.

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5
Q

Who came up with the Continental Drift hypothesis?

A

Alfred Wegener

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6
Q

What were some pieces of evidence that supported his hypothesis?

A
  1. The coastlines matched up like puzzle pieces.
  2. Large land animals fossils.
  3. Similar rock types and rock age.
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7
Q

What was the name of the super content?

A

Pangaea

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8
Q

Who came up with the seafloor hypothesis?

A

Harry Hess

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9
Q

How did he come up with the seafloor hypothesis? What did he use?

A

Sonar

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10
Q

Who discovered the mid-ocean ridge?

A

Harry Hess

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11
Q

Where can we find the younger rock on the seafloor? Is it further from the MOR or closer?

A

Closer to the MOR

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12
Q

What are the three types of boundaries?

A
  1. Divergent Boundary
  2. Convergent Boundary
  3. Transform Boundary
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13
Q

What are the two types of crust?

A
  1. Oceanic Crust

2. Continental Crust

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14
Q

How do convergent plate boundaries move?

A

They collided together

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15
Q

What types land forms can form when oceanic crust and continental crust collide

A
  1. Volcano

2. Deep sea trenches

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16
Q

Subduction only happens

A

yuh

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17
Q

What type of land forms can be created when two oceanic form together?

A
  1. Deep sea trenches

2. Hotspots

18
Q

What type of land forms can be created when two continental crust come together?

A

Mountains

19
Q

What type crust must be present for volcanic activity to occur?

A

oceanic crust

20
Q

How do divergent plates move????

A

Outwards/Divide

21
Q

What are specific examples of a divergent plate?????

A
  1. MOR (Mid-Ocean Ridge) Both are oceanic crust.

2. East African Rift ( Both Continental)

22
Q

How do Transform Plates move???????

A

They slide horizontally past each other

23
Q

What is a specific example of a Transform Plate???

A

San Andreas Fault

24
Q

How do convection currents work????

A
  1. Magma heats up, becomes less dense, and rises.

2. Magma cools, becomes denser, and then sinks.

25
Q

What are other forces to help motion?????

A
  1. Slab Pull
  2. Ridge Push
  3. Friction
26
Q

Which type of plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes????????

A

Divergent and Transform.

27
Q

Which plate boundary has deep earthquakes

A

Convergent Plate Boundaries

28
Q

What types of stress can be applied to rock to cause movement?????

A
  1. Compression Stress
  2. a Tension Stress
  3. a Shear Stress
  4. Torsion Stress
29
Q

What are the types of deformation that can be caused due to stress???????????

A

Elastic Deformation

Plastic Deformation

30
Q

What happens when elastic deformation happens?????

A

The object deforms and then snaps back into place.

31
Q

What happens when plastic deformation happens?????

A

It deforms and remains in that new shape.

32
Q

How many types of Seismic waves are there???????

A

Primary Waves
Secondary Waves
Surface Waves

33
Q

Which wave moves faster?????

A

Primary Wave (p-wave)

34
Q

What type of wave is a p-wave?????????

A

Compression Wave

35
Q

What type of material can p-waves travel through????

A

Solids and Liquids

36
Q

What type of waves are secondary waves??????????

A

Transverse

37
Q

What type of material can s-waves travel through??????????

A

Solids \

38
Q

Which wave is the most complex and damaging???????????

A

Surface Wave

39
Q

What are the name of the two scales to measure earthquakes????????????????

A
  1. Richter Scale

2. Mercalli Scale

40
Q

What does the Richter scale measure about an earthquake?????????

A

The amount of energy released

41
Q

What does the Mercalli scale measure about an earthquake?????????

A

The amount of damage the earthquake has made.

physical science (7 decks)

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