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physical science > Ch. 29 > Flashcards

Ch. 29 Flashcards

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1
Q

Time Zone

A

An area 15 degrees wide in which the time is the same

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2
Q

Rotation

A

The spinning of earth on its axis, an imaginary line drawn from Earths North pole to its South pole.

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3
Q

Revolution

A

The motion of Earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun.

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4
Q

Ecliptic

A

Defined as the plane of Earths orbit around the sun

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5
Q

Solstice

A

Occurs when Earths rotation axis is tilted directly toward the Sun or away from the Sun.

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6
Q

Equinox

A

Earths rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center of Earth to the center of the Sun.

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7
Q

Who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C.?

A

Babylonians

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8
Q

What was the symbol for degree taken from?

A

The symbol for degree (°) was taken from their symbol for the sun.

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9
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one day?

A

360 degrees

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10
Q

How many hours does it take the earth to make one full rotation?

A

24 hours

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11
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in one hour?

A

15 hours

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12
Q

What direction does the sun rise?

A

East

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13
Q

What direction does the sun set?

A

West

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14
Q

True or False? All time zones are the exact same size???

A

False, they are modified to fit around cities, states, and country borders, and other key sites.

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15
Q

How many time zones are there in the world???

A

24 time zones

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16
Q

Which direction do you move to add hours to the time?

A

We would move to the East

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17
Q

Which direction do you move to subtract hours from time??????????

A

We would move to the West

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18
Q

How many time zones are there in the United States??????????

A

6 time zones

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19
Q

What are the names of the time zones????????

A 
Atlantic Time/Alaskan Time
Pacific Time
Mountain Time
Central Time
Hawaiian Time
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20
Q

What is a solar day???????????????????

A

A solar day is when the sun is directly above us at noon until the next noon.

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21
Q

What is sidereal day?????????????????

A

A sidereal is when earth rotates because of a star.

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22
Q

Which 2 seasons have a solstice?????????????????????

A

Summer

Winter

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23
Q

What are the two main reason for seasons???????????

A

Earths tilt and the orbit around the sun.

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24
Q

Which month is the summer solstice??????????????????

A

June, 21

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25
Q

Which month is the winter solstice??????????????????

A

December, 21

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26
Q

Which two seasons are equinoxes???????????????????

A

Spring

Fall

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27
Q

Which month is the spring equinox??????????????????

A

March, 20 or 21

28
Q

Which month is the fall equinox?????????????????????

A

September, 22 or 23

29
Q

When is the longest day of the year?????????????????

A

June, 21 (Summer Solstice)

30
Q

When is the shortest day of the year??????????????????????

A

December 21 (Winter Solstice)

31
Q

When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night??????????????????????

A

Equinoxes (March or September)

32
Q

Tide

A

A rise or fall in the ocean surface.

33
Q

Moon Phase

A

Reflects the change in appearance of the Moon as seen from Earth.

34
Q

Solar Eclipse

A

Occurs when the Moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow on Earth.

35
Q

Lunar Eclipse

A

Occurs when Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon and cast a shadow on the Moon.

36
Q

Maria

A

The dark-colored flat, lava-filled regions on the Moon’s surface.

37
Q

Regolith

A

A layer of dusty lunar material produced by collisions between asteroids and comets and the Moon.

38
Q

How many days does it take the moon to revolve around Earth?

A

27.3 days

39
Q

A complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, what is this called???

A

Synodic Month

40
Q

Do we ever see the back side of the moon??????????????

A

No, we only see one side.

41
Q

What causes a tide to rise or fall???????????????????

A

The gravitational pull from the Moon and Sun.

42
Q

What is the rise of sea level called???????????????????

A

High Tide

43
Q

After the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level to drop??????????????????

A

About six hours later.

44
Q

Which is farther from Earth, the Sun or the Moon????????????????

A

Sun

45
Q

Does the moon or the Sun cause greater effect on Earth’s tides????????????????

A

No, the Moon has a greater effect on Earth’s Tides.

46
Q

How are the Sun, the Earth, and the Moon aligned for a spring tide??????????????????

A

Sun, Earth, Moon aligned in a straight line.

47
Q

How are the Sun, the Earth, and the Moon aligned for a neap tide??????????????????

A

Sun, Earth, Moon in a backwards L shape.

48
Q

What does the phase of the Moon you see depend on?????????????

A

The positions of the Moon, Earth, and the Sun are relative to one another.

49
Q

When does a new Moon occur??????????????????

A

A new Moon occurs when the Moon is between Earth and Sun.

50
Q

How many phases of the Moon are there????????????????

A

8 phases

51
Q

What is the definition of waxing phases????????????????

A

The illuminated portion of the Moon that we see appears larger each night.

52
Q

What is the definition of waning phases????????????????

A

After a full moon, the illuminated portion that we see begins to appear smaller.

53
Q

What are the Moon phase names?????????????????????????

A 
New Moon
Waxing Crescent Moon
1st Quarter Moon
Waxing Gibbous Moon
Full Moon
Waning Gibbous Moon
3rd quarter Moon
Waning Crescent Moon
54
Q

Where is the word month derived from??????????????????????

A

The word month is derived from the same root word as Moon.

55
Q

How is the Earth, Moon, and Sun aligned during a Solar Eclipse?????????

A

Sun-Moon-Earth

56
Q

What is an umbra????????????????????

A

The darkest portion of the Moon’s shadow.

57
Q

What is a penumbra?????????????????

A

Lighter shadow from where the Moon is blocking out the Sun.

58
Q

How is the Earth, Moon, and Sun aligned during a Lunar Eclipse?????????

A

Earth has to be between the Earth and the Sun.

59
Q

How are the depressions on the Moon formed???????????????

A

Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets.

60
Q

Are there mountains on the Moon??????????????????

A

Yes

61
Q

Which side of the Moon is thicker?????????????????????

A

The far side.

62
Q

Is the mantle of the Moon a solid or liquid???????????????????

A

Liquid.

63
Q

What did the Clementine spacecraft do??????????????????????

A

The spacecraft confirmed that the crust on the side facing Earth was thinner than the back, also provided information on the mineral content of Moon Rocks.

64
Q

What did the Lunar Prospector do???????????????????????

A

Took photographs of the lunar surface.
Confirmed that the Moon was small, iron-core about 600 km in diameter.
Collected evidence of Water-Ice on the Moon.

65
Q

What is the Giant Impact Theory?????????????????????????

A

A mars size object collided with Earth and when this happened debris was thrown into orbit which was condensed into a large mass which is known as the Moon.

physical science (7 decks)

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