Ch. 29 Flashcards
Time Zone
An area 15 degrees wide in which the time is the same
Rotation
The spinning of earth on its axis, an imaginary line drawn from Earths North pole to its South pole.
Revolution
The motion of Earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun.
Ecliptic
Defined as the plane of Earths orbit around the sun
Solstice
Occurs when Earths rotation axis is tilted directly toward the Sun or away from the Sun.
Equinox
Earths rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center of Earth to the center of the Sun.
Who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C.?
Babylonians
What was the symbol for degree taken from?
The symbol for degree (°) was taken from their symbol for the sun.
How many degrees does the earth spin in one day?
360 degrees
How many hours does it take the earth to make one full rotation?
24 hours
How many degrees does the earth spin in one hour?
15 hours
What direction does the sun rise?
East
What direction does the sun set?
West
True or False? All time zones are the exact same size???
False, they are modified to fit around cities, states, and country borders, and other key sites.
How many time zones are there in the world???
24 time zones
Which direction do you move to add hours to the time?
We would move to the East
Which direction do you move to subtract hours from time??????????
We would move to the West
How many time zones are there in the United States??????????
6 time zones
What are the names of the time zones????????
Atlantic Time/Alaskan Time Pacific Time Mountain Time Central Time Hawaiian Time
What is a solar day???????????????????
A solar day is when the sun is directly above us at noon until the next noon.
What is sidereal day?????????????????
A sidereal is when earth rotates because of a star.
Which 2 seasons have a solstice?????????????????????
Summer
Winter
What are the two main reason for seasons???????????
Earths tilt and the orbit around the sun.
Which month is the summer solstice??????????????????
June, 21
Which month is the winter solstice??????????????????
December, 21
Which two seasons are equinoxes???????????????????
Spring
Fall
Which month is the spring equinox??????????????????
March, 20 or 21
Which month is the fall equinox?????????????????????
September, 22 or 23
When is the longest day of the year?????????????????
June, 21 (Summer Solstice)
When is the shortest day of the year??????????????????????
December 21 (Winter Solstice)
When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night??????????????????????
Equinoxes (March or September)
Tide
A rise or fall in the ocean surface.
Moon Phase
Reflects the change in appearance of the Moon as seen from Earth.
Solar Eclipse
Occurs when the Moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow on Earth.
Lunar Eclipse
Occurs when Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon and cast a shadow on the Moon.
Maria
The dark-colored flat, lava-filled regions on the Moon’s surface.
Regolith
A layer of dusty lunar material produced by collisions between asteroids and comets and the Moon.
How many days does it take the moon to revolve around Earth?
27.3 days
A complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, what is this called???
Synodic Month
Do we ever see the back side of the moon??????????????
No, we only see one side.
What causes a tide to rise or fall???????????????????
The gravitational pull from the Moon and Sun.
What is the rise of sea level called???????????????????
High Tide
After the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level to drop??????????????????
About six hours later.
Which is farther from Earth, the Sun or the Moon????????????????
Sun
Does the moon or the Sun cause greater effect on Earth’s tides????????????????
No, the Moon has a greater effect on Earth’s Tides.
How are the Sun, the Earth, and the Moon aligned for a spring tide??????????????????
Sun, Earth, Moon aligned in a straight line.
How are the Sun, the Earth, and the Moon aligned for a neap tide??????????????????
Sun, Earth, Moon in a backwards L shape.
What does the phase of the Moon you see depend on?????????????
The positions of the Moon, Earth, and the Sun are relative to one another.
When does a new Moon occur??????????????????
A new Moon occurs when the Moon is between Earth and Sun.
How many phases of the Moon are there????????????????
8 phases
What is the definition of waxing phases????????????????
The illuminated portion of the Moon that we see appears larger each night.
What is the definition of waning phases????????????????
After a full moon, the illuminated portion that we see begins to appear smaller.
What are the Moon phase names?????????????????????????
New Moon Waxing Crescent Moon 1st Quarter Moon Waxing Gibbous Moon Full Moon Waning Gibbous Moon 3rd quarter Moon Waning Crescent Moon
Where is the word month derived from??????????????????????
The word month is derived from the same root word as Moon.
How is the Earth, Moon, and Sun aligned during a Solar Eclipse?????????
Sun-Moon-Earth
What is an umbra????????????????????
The darkest portion of the Moon’s shadow.
What is a penumbra?????????????????
Lighter shadow from where the Moon is blocking out the Sun.
How is the Earth, Moon, and Sun aligned during a Lunar Eclipse?????????
Earth has to be between the Earth and the Sun.
How are the depressions on the Moon formed???????????????
Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets.
Are there mountains on the Moon??????????????????
Yes
Which side of the Moon is thicker?????????????????????
The far side.
Is the mantle of the Moon a solid or liquid???????????????????
Liquid.
What did the Clementine spacecraft do??????????????????????
The spacecraft confirmed that the crust on the side facing Earth was thinner than the back, also provided information on the mineral content of Moon Rocks.
What did the Lunar Prospector do???????????????????????
Took photographs of the lunar surface.
Confirmed that the Moon was small, iron-core about 600 km in diameter.
Collected evidence of Water-Ice on the Moon.
What is the Giant Impact Theory?????????????????????????
A mars size object collided with Earth and when this happened debris was thrown into orbit which was condensed into a large mass which is known as the Moon.
