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physical science > Ch 27.3 > Flashcards

Ch 27.3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Infiltration

A

The process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface.

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2
Q

Water Table

A

The upper boundary of the saturated zone.

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3
Q

Aquifer

A

A rock unit that can transfer water through its pore space.

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4
Q

Porosity

A

The percentage of the materials total volume that is pore space.

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5
Q

Absolute Dating

A

The process of assigning an exact numerical age to an organism, an object, or an event.

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6
Q

Relative Dating

A

The process of placing objects or events in their proper order in time.

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7
Q

Uniformitarianism

A

The laws of nature operate today as they have in the past.

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8
Q

Principal of Superposition

A

Undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rock layers, the youngest rocks will be at the top and the oldest rocks will be at the bottom.

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9
Q

Unconformity

A

Gaps in the rock record during which either erosion occurred or deposition was absent.

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10
Q

Fossils

A

The remains or traces of organisms found in the geologic rock record.

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11
Q

What percentage of water on Earth is salt water????????

A

97%

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12
Q

What percentage of water on Earth is freshwater????????

A

3%

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13
Q

Where is the majority of freshwater found??????????

A

Freshwater is found in Glaciers (2%)

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14
Q

Where is the smallest percentage of freshwater found???????????????

A

Lakes
Rivers
Stored in Ground Water

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15
Q

What is precipitation???????

A

When water vapor in the air cools and condenses to form liquid water or ice crystals. Forms of precipitation are rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

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16
Q

What is runoff???????

A

Water running off the Land Surface.

17
Q

What is infiltration???????

A

The process by which water enters Earth and becomes groundwater below the surface.

18
Q

What is transpiration???????

A

When plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves.

19
Q

What is evaporation???????

A

When water enters the atmosphere as water vapor.

20
Q

What is condensation???????

A

When water vapor collides with other water vapor molecules to form water droplets. Eventually the water droplets are heavy enough to fall as precipitation.

21
Q

What is the water cycle?????????

A

The water cycle is when water comes to land goes into the atmosphere and comes back to land.

22
Q

What is an unsaturated zone for groundwater storage???????

A

A porous area where water easily passes through.

23
Q

What is a saturated zone for groundwater storage????????

A

Beneath the unsaturated zone, where water completely fills the pore space.

24
Q

What is a Water Table??????????

A

The upper boundary of the saturated zone.

25
Q

What does it mean if sediment is permeable??????????

A

The more permeable the material is the easier water can infiltrate through the ground.

26
Q

What is an Aquifer????????

A

A rock unit that can transfer water through its pore spaces.

27
Q

What is the name of the Great Plains Aquifer?????

A

Ogallala Aquifer

28
Q

How many states does the Great Plains Aquifer run through????????

A

8 states

29
Q

What are the names of the states that the Great Plains Aquifer run through????????

A

South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Texas.

30
Q

What is an aquitard??????

A

Its a layer of sediment that does not allow water to flow through.

31
Q

How are water springs formed????????????

A

Springs form where the water table naturally meets Earth´s surface.

32
Q

What is an artesian well???????????

A

Wells drilled into pressurized aquifers.

33
Q

What is a cone of depression???????????????

A

The direction that water flows is directed down toward the well.

physical science (7 decks)

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