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physical science > chapter 25 > Flashcards

chapter 25 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

system of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys

A

mid-ocean ridge

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2
Q

a long narrow depression in between peaks

A

rift valley

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3
Q

the boundary where two plates collide

A

convergent plate boundary

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4
Q

the denser plate dives beneath the continent

A

subduction

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5
Q

the boundary between 2 plates that are moving apart

A

divergent plate boundary

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6
Q

plates slide horizontally past each other transform plate boundary

A

transform plate boundary

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7
Q

the sudden movement or vibration of the ground

A

earthquake

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8
Q

fault a crack in earth’s crust along which rock has moved

A

fault

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9
Q

strain energy and moves along a fault

A

elastic rebound

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10
Q

focus the point of origin for an earthquake

A

focus

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11
Q

the point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus

A

epicenter

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12
Q

Who came up with the continental hypothosis

A

Alfred Wegener

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of plate-boundaries

A

convergent, divergent, transform

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14
Q

Who came up with seafloor spreading

A

Harry Hess

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15
Q

What evidence did he find to back up his hypothesis

A

Large animal fossils, coast lines matched up like puzzle pieces, mountain ranged matched up with the same rock type and ages

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16
Q

How did he discover seafloor spreading

A

sonar

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17
Q

What did Hess discover using sonar

A

mid-ocean ridge

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18
Q

What was the name of the Super Continent

A

Pangaea

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19
Q

How do convergent boundaries move

A

come together and converge

20
Q

Subduction zones only happen with which type of plate boundary

A

convergent plate boundary

21
Q

What two types of crust are used for plate boundary

A

oceanic and continental

22
Q

What landforms can be created

A

volcanoes

23
Q

What two types of land forms can form when 2 oceanic crusts converge

A

hot spots that create chain isalands, deep sea trenches

24
Q

what type of landforms are created when two continental converge

A

mountains

25
Q

what type of crust must be present for volcanic activity to accure

A

oceanic

26
Q

How do divergent plate boundaries move

A

They move apart

27
Q

What are some examples of divergent plate boundaries

A

MOR “oceanic crust”

2. East African Rift

28
Q

How do transform plate boundaries move

A

They slide horizontally past each other

29
Q

What is a specific example of a transform plate boundary

A

San Andreas Fault

Continental Crust

30
Q

What is a convection current

A
  1. Magma heats up, becomes less dense and rises.

2. Magma cools and becomes more dense and sinks.

31
Q

Which plate boundaries have shallow earthquakes

A

divergent and transform

32
Q

Which plate boundary has deep earthquakes

A

convergent

33
Q

What are the types of stress that can be applied to rocks to cause them to move

A

compression
tension
shear
torsion

34
Q

what are the 2 types of deformation

A

elastic

plastic

35
Q

what happens to the rock or material when elastic deformation happens

A

the material goes back to its original shape

36
Q

what happens to the material when plastic deformation happens

A

it takes on a new shape

37
Q

how many types of seismic waves are there

A

primary waves
secondary waves
surface waves

38
Q

what type of seismic wave is the fastest

A

p waves (primary wave)

39
Q

what type of wave is a primary wave

A

compression wave

40
Q

what type of materials can p waves pass through

A

solids and liquids

41
Q

what type of wave is an s wave

A

transverse

42
Q

which wave does the most damage

A

surface waves

43
Q

what are the two scales that measure earthquakes

A

richter

mercalli

44
Q

what does the richter scale about an earthquake

A

amount of energy relase

45
Q

what does the mercally scale about an earthquake

A

physical science (7 decks)

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