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physical science > 26 > Flashcards

26 Flashcards

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1
Q

define rock

A

a naturally formed mixture containing minerals, rock fragments, and volcanic glass

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2
Q

how are rocks identify

A

by their composition and texture

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3
Q

what does the texture of a rock describe about a rock

A

size, shape, and arrangement of the rock’s components

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4
Q

where do intrusive igneous rocks form

A

within Earth’s crust

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5
Q

what type of molten rock does intrusive igneous rocks form from

A

magma

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6
Q

what is the name of the series that illustrates simultaneous crystallization of silicate minerals

A

bowen’s reactions series

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7
Q

what are the 3 types of magma

A

mafic, intermediate, felsic

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8
Q

which magma type has a low silica content

A

mafic

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9
Q

which magma type has a high silica content

A

felsic

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10
Q

which type of crust has an abundant amount of quartz

A

continental crust

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11
Q

which type of crust has little to no quartz

A

deep in continetal crust or oceanic crust

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12
Q

which type of igneous rock has a course grained texture

A

intrusive igneous rock

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13
Q

which type of igneous rock has a fine grained texture

A

extrusive igneous rock

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14
Q

do fine grained rocks cool slowly or quickly

A

quickly

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15
Q

what are the two specific texture types for extrusive igneous rock

A

vesicular, porphyritic

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16
Q

which texture is the type with holes left behind because of rapid cooling

A

vesicular

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17
Q

which texture is the type with 2 different crystal sizes because of different cooling rates

A

porphyritic

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18
Q

what types of rock has a vesicular texture

A

pumice

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19
Q

define clasts

A

small rock and mineral fragments

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20
Q

What types of erosion are rocks on Earth’s surface exposed to?

A

pore spaces

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21
Q

What does it mean if clasts are being transported?

A

often become rounded

22
Q

What does it mean if clasts are being deposited?

A
23
Q

Define pore space

A

empty space between the grains

24
Q

Define compaction

A

clast stick together due to the weight of overlying material

25
Q

Define cementation

A

minerals precipate slwoly out of a water solution and crystalize in the spaces between clasts

26
Q

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

A

compaction and cementtion

27
Q

What is another name for clasts?

A

detrious

28
Q

What are sedimentary rocks called that are mostly made of clasts?

A

detrial

29
Q

What is the decreasing size of clasts?

A

gravel, sand, silt, clay

30
Q

Which clast size would be deposited first?

A

gravel

31
Q

What are 4 common detrital sedimentary rocks?

A

gravel, sand, silt, clay

32
Q

How are chemical sedimentary rocks formed?

A

water that contains dissolved solids

33
Q

If sedimentary rocks contain remains of living organisms what are they called?

A

biochemical sedimentary

34
Q

What are 2 common biochemical sedimentary rocks?

A

limestone and coal

35
Q

What are the 3 types of sedimentary rock?

A
36
Q

Metamorphic rock is changed by a combination of which 3 things?

A

heat, pressure, chemical reaction

37
Q

Which types of rocks can be changed by metamorphism?

A

igneous, sedimentaru, metamorphic

38
Q

What is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over large areas?

A

regional metamorphism

39
Q

What is it called when metamorphic changes in rocks occur over small changes?

A

contact metamorphism

40
Q

When shale is compressed, which type of metamorphic rock is created?

A

slate

41
Q
  1. What are the two types of metamorphic rock textures?
A

foliated and nonfoilated

42
Q

Define foliated texture

A

crystals that are arranged in layers and bands

43
Q

Define nonfoliated texture

A
44
Q

Metamorphic rocks are mainly classified based on which two things?

A
45
Q

Define Rock Cycle

A
46
Q

Which types of rocks are part of the rock cycle?

A
47
Q

What are the 3 types of rocks?

A
48
Q

Which type of rocks form from molten rock?

A
49
Q

Which types of rocks are formed from clasts, precipitation, or compressed once living matter?

A
50
Q

Which types of rocks are formed from heat, pressure, and chemical reactions?

A
51
Q

What can form from hot water, evaporation, or molten rock?

A

physical science (7 decks)

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