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physical science > 28 > Flashcards

28 Flashcards

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1
Q

troposphere

A

a layer extending an average of 12 km above earths surface

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2
Q

temperature inversion

A

when air temperature increases with altitude and the air becomes stable

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3
Q

greenhouse effect

A

natural process in which certain gases in the atmosphere warm a planet as they absorb and emit infrared waves

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4
Q

how are the earths atmospheric separated

A

based off of composition and temperature

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5
Q

what gas makes up the majority of earths atmosphere

A

nitrogen 78%

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6
Q

what is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere

A

oxygen 21%

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7
Q

what is the other 1% that makes up the atmosphere called

A

trace gases

mainly is argon

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8
Q

in the troposphere does the temperature increase or decrease

A
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9
Q

5 layers in earths atmosphere

A
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10
Q

what are the names of atmosphere layers starting closest to earths surface going up

A

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

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11
Q

where is the O zone layer found

A

stratoshpere

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12
Q

does the temperature increase or decrese in the stratoshpere

A

increase

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13
Q

does the temperature increase or decrease within the mesophere

A

decrease

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14
Q

do they impact weather, the last two layers?

A

no

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15
Q

where does 100 percent ofour solar radiation come from

A

the sun

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16
Q

what percentage of solar radiation is absorbed by Earth

A

50

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17
Q

what percent is reflected off of earths surafce

A

5

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18
Q

what percentage is absorbed by particles in the atmosphere

A

20

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19
Q

what percent of solar radition is absorbed by particles

A

25

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20
Q

what are the 3 basiccloud types

A

stratus, cumulus, cirrus

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21
Q

explain stradus clouds

A

layered, sheet-like clouds assosiacted with rain

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22
Q

explain cumulus clouds

A

puffy in shape and occur in fair weather

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23
Q

explain cirrus clouds

A

wispy, high altitude clouds

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24
Q

what is a serioes of process called where water from the land enters the atmosphere and eventually falls back to the land

A

water cycle

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25
Q

what are all the steps to the water cycle

A

evaporation and transporation, condensationprecipation, runoff, infilitration

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26
Q

jet stream

A

narrow band of fast-moving, high altitude air

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27
Q

coriolis effect

A

the apparent deflection of an object due to earths rotation

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28
Q

air mass

A

large volume of air with uniform moisture and temperature throughout

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29
Q

weather fronts

A

air masses interact in zones

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30
Q

is there only one jet stream in the world

A

4

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31
Q

how many pressures are there

A

2

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32
Q

what is the low pressure system also known as

A

a low (l)

33
Q

which direction does a low pressure system flow

A

counterclockwise

34
Q

what is the result of low pressure system

A

air rises, clouds form, created precipitation

35
Q

what is a high pressure system also known as

A

a high (h)

36
Q

which direction does a high pressure system flow

A

clockwise

37
Q

what is the result of high pressure systems

A

causes air to sink which results in clear skies

38
Q

which stystem do high pressure sytems flow

A

away from center

39
Q

what are the 4 weather fronts

A

cold front, warm front, stationary front, occluded front

40
Q

what are cold fronts caused by

A

cold air forces warm air upward in a fast chaotic manner

41
Q

what is a cold front represented by on the news

A

by blue triangles

42
Q

how are warm fronts caused

A

warm air rises gently above cold air

43
Q

what is the warm front represented by on the news

A

red cicles

44
Q

how are staionary fronts formed

A

cold and warm air masses meet and neither front advances

45
Q

how are stationary fronts represented on the news

A

half circle triangle

46
Q

how are occluded fronts formed

A

fast moving cold front overtakes a slow warm front

47
Q

how are occluded fronts represented on the news

A

purple triangle and half circle

48
Q

maritime climate

A

a climate that is strongly affected by the ocean

49
Q

continental climate

A

a climate that is not directly affected by an ocean

50
Q

sea breeze

A

blows from over the water toward land in the afternoon when the land is warmer than the water

51
Q

what is climate

A

the long term average of weather condition

52
Q

what is weather

A

day to day outside condition

53
Q

what are the 5 spheres for earths system

A 
atmosphere
biosphere
crosophere
lithosphere
hydrosphere
54
Q

what is the atmosphere

A

air around us

55
Q

what is the biolsphere

A

everuthing organic

56
Q

what us the hydrosphere

A

liquid water

57
Q

what is the crosphere

A

frozen water in snow,ice, and glaciers

58
Q

what is lithosphere

A

earths outermost layer

59
Q

what is the primary factor that influences climate at a given loactaion

A

latitude

60
Q

where is solar radioation recieved greatest

A

eqautor

61
Q

at what degrees do the sun rays hit earth surface at the tropic zone

A

90 degrees

62
Q

at what degrees do the sun rays hit earth surface at the temperate zone

A

45 degrees

63
Q

at what degrees do the sun rays hit earth surface at the polar zone

A

30 degrees

64
Q

what zoneare we located in

A

temperate

65
Q

what other factors determine climate

A

precipitation, mountains, and water

66
Q

what is the windward side like in a mpointain range

A

air cool and wet

lots of vegitation

67
Q

what is the leeward side like in amountain arnge

A

warm and dry

68
Q

what is alandbrezze

A

air from land goes to water

69
Q

which climatr zone and whch tyep of vegitation does colorado have

A

glassland, warm semi-arid

70
Q

what are the two climate that undergoes

A

seasonal

71
Q

how do seasonal changes occur

A

as earth revolves round the sun

72
Q

which hemisphere is in summer

A

tilted toward the sun

73
Q

what is the period of time taht earth was covered in ice

A

ice age

74
Q

how long ago did the worldreach its current pattern

A

3000 years ago

75
Q

what are factors that causeclimate change

A

axis,shape,timing,distance

76
Q

how do humans create climate change

A

energy consumptio, deforestation, industrial and agricultureal practice

77
Q

what is deforestation

A

where trees get knocked ovef

78
Q

how can deforestation cause climate change

A

trees remove carbon dioxide

physical science (7 decks)

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