chapter 24 macrolides, azalides, ketolides

Question 1

pharmacodynamics of macrolides, adazlides, ketolides

Answer 1

• inhibits RNA dependent protein synthesis
• weak bases-activity increases in alkaline media
• intracellular organisms resistant to beta-lactam are susceptible

Question 2

pharmacokinetics of macrolides, azalides, ketolides

Answer 2

• potent inhibitors of CYP450 3A4
• if taken with statins increased risk of myopathy
• exhibits enterohepatic recycling-causing toxicity
• mostly safe with pregnant women and children

Question 3

ADRs for macrolides, azalides, ketolides

Answer 3

• dose related Gi: n/v, cramping, abd. pn, diarrhea

- skin: urticaria, Steven-Johnson syndrome, bullous eruption, eczema

Question 4

clinical uses of macrolides, azalides, ketolides

Answer 4

• community acquired pneumonia
• chlamydia
• pertussis
• h.pylori
• chronic bronchitis
• used as alternative to PCN

Question 5

macrolides, azalides, ketolides

Answer 5

• macrolides-erythromycin 1950’s
• azalides-azithromycin (zithromax)-derived from erythromycin
• ketolides-telithromycin-also derived from erythromycin