Chapter 24- Imperialism Flashcards
Berlin Conference
A meeting of European leaders held in 1884 and 1885 in order to lay down some basic rules for imperialist competition in sub-Saharan Africa.
Boer War
British and Boers(Afrikaners) fight for control of territory. Both sides fought savagely, and the British establish the first concentration camps.
British Raj
This is basically a term used to describe the period when British ruled India, where a small amount of British ruled a huge number of Indian people.
Global Mass Migration
The mass movement of people from Europe in the 19th century; one reason that the West’s impact on the world was so powerful and many-sided.
Gunboat Diplomacy
The use of threat of military force to coerce a government into economic or political agreements. Used by the U.S.A. in Japan.
Great Rebellion( Mutiny of 1857)
The 1857 and 1858 insurrection by Muslim and Hindu mercenaries in the British army that spread throughout northern and central India before finally being crushed.
Afrikaners
Descendants of the Dutch settlers in the Cape Colony in Southern Africa. Enemies with British.
Hundred Days of Reform
A series of Western-style reforms launched in 1898 by the Chinese government in an attempt to meet the foreign challenge.
Meiji Restoration
The restoration of the Japanese emperor to power in 1867, leading to the subsequent modernization of Japan.
Nativism
Policies and beliefs, often influenced by nationalism, scientific racism, and mass migration, that give preferential treatment to established inhabitants over immigrants.
New Europes
Settler colonies with established populations of Europeans, such as North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Latin America, where Europe found outlets for population growth and its most profitable investment opportunities in the nineteenth century.
New Imperialism
The late 19th century drive by European countries to create vast political empires abroad.
Opium Wars
Two mid 19th century conflicts between China and Great Britain over the British trade of Opium, which was designed to “open” China to European free trade. In defeat, China gave European traders and missionaries increased protection and concession.
Orientalism
A term coined by literary scholar Edward Said to describe the way Westerners misunderstood and described colonial subjects and cultures.
Scramble for Africa
Basically, all of the dominant Western powers wanted a slice of Africa, age of imperialism.
Spheres of Influence
Basically, a term used to say that someone is not running everything, but still has some influence or power. This was used through economic imperialism.
Social Darwinism
A body of thought drawn from the ideas of Charles Darwin that applied the theory of biological evolution to human affairs and saw the human race as driven by an unending economic struggle that would determine the survival of the fittest.
White Man’s Burden
The idea that Europeans could and should civilize more primitive nonwhite people’s and that imperialism would eventually provide nonwhites with modern achievements and higher standards of living.
