Chapter 21- Ideologies And Upheavals

Question 1

Battle of Peterloo

Answer 1

The army’s violent suppression of a protest that took place at Saint Peter’s Fields in Manchester in reaction to the revision of the Corn laws.

Question 2

Corn Laws

Answer 2

British laws governing the import and export of grain, which were revised in 1815 to prohibit the importance of foreign grain unless the price at home rose to improbable levels, thus benefiting the aristocracy but making food prices high for working people.

Question 3

Congress of Vienna

Answer 3

A meeting of the Quadruple Alliance- Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain- restoration France, and smaller European states to fashion a general peace settlement that began after the defeat of Napoleon’s France in 1814.

Question 4

Balance of Power

Answer 4

Ask about in class, the Quadruple alliance= Russia, Prussia, Austria, and Great Britain carefully managed the balance of power by restoring original border lines before the French Revolution and tried to have even distribution of power.

Question 5

Conservatism

Answer 5

People who didn’t want change unless it was extremely necessary, it wasn’t really in this time period.

Question 6

Great Famine

Answer 6

The result of four years of potato crop failure in the late 1840s in Ireland, a country that had grown dependent on potatoes as a dietary staple.

Question 7

Greater Germany

Answer 7

A liberal plan for German national unification that included the German-speaking parts of the Austrian Empire, put forth at the national parliament in 1848 but rejected by Austrian rulers.

Question 8

Gothic Literature

Answer 8

Very scary and dark. Example: Dracula, Frankenstein, etc.

Question 9

Holy Alliance

Answer 9

An alliance formed by the conservative rulers of Austria, Prussia, and Russia in September 1815 that became a symbol of the repression of liberal and revolutionary movements all over Europe.

Question 10

Karlsbad Decrees

Answer 10

Issued in 1819, these decrees were designed to uphold Metternich’s conservatism, requiring the German states to root out subversive ideas and squelch any liberal organizations.

Question 11

Laissez Faire

Answer 11

A doctrine of economic liberalism that calls for unrestricted private enterprise and no government interference in the economy.

Question 12

Great Famine

Answer 12

The result of four years of potato crop failure in the late 1840s in Ireland, a country that had grown dependent on potatoes as a dietary staple.

Question 13

Greater Germany

Answer 13

A liberal plan for German national unification that included the German-speaking parts of the Austrian Empire, put forth at the national parliament in 1848 but rejected by Austrian rulers.

Question 14

Gothic Literature

Answer 14

Very dark and scary. Examples: Frankenstein, Dracula, etc.

Question 15

Holy Alliance

Answer 15

An alliance formed by the conservative rulers of Austria, Prussia, and Russia in September 1815 that became a symbol of the repression of liberal and revolutionary movements all over Europe.

Question 16

Karlsbad Decrees

Answer 16

Issued in 1819, these decrees were designed to uphold Metternich’s conservatism, requiring the German states to root out subversive ideas and squelch any liberal organizations.

Question 17

Laissez Faire

Answer 17

A doctrine of economic liberalism that calls for unrestricted private enterprise and no government interference in the economy.

Question 18

Liberalism

Answer 18

The principal ideas of this movement were equality and Liberty; liberals demanded representative government and equality before the law as well as individual freedoms such as Freedom of the press, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of worship, and freedom from arbitrary arrest.

Question 19

Marxism

Answer 19

An influential political program based on the socialist ideas of German radical Karl Marx, which called for a working-class revolution to overthrow capitalist society and establish a Communist state.

Question 20

Radicalism

Answer 20

Radicalisms rejected conversation, with its stress on tradition, a hereditary monarchy, a privileged land-owning aristocracy, and an official state church. Radical thinkers developed and refined alternative ideologies- or political philosophies- and tried to convince society to act on them.

Question 21

Reform Bill of 1832

Answer 21

A major British political reform that increased the number of male voters by about 50 percent and gave political representation to new industrial areas.

Question 22

Romanticism

Answer 22

An artistic movement at its height from about 1790 to the 1840s that was in part a revolt against classicism and the Enlightenment, characterized by a belief in emotional exuberance, unrestrained imagination, and spontaneity in both art and personal life.

Question 23

Self Determination

Answer 23

Each country had their own goals, usually independence from mother or overruling country.

Question 24

Socialism

Answer 24

A backlash against the emergence of individualism and the fragmentation of industrial society, and a move toward cooperation and a sense of community; the key ideas were economic planning, greater social equality, and state regulation of property.