Chapter 24: Biology Outlines Flashcards
__________ are the most diverse of all animals
Arthropods
________: Invertebrate animal with an exoskeleton made of _____; a series of paired, jointed _________; and _________ body parts
Arthropod; chitin; appendages; segmented
__________: External skeleton that supports an animal’s tissues against _____
Exoskeleton; gravity
_____: A long organic molecule made of _____ that are arranged in layers
Chitin; sugars
_________: Extension of an organism’s body (used for walking, swimming, manipulating food, or chewing)
Appendage
__________: Describes how an ________’s body parts are divided into similar sections that have evolved for a different function
Segmentation; arthropod’s
Arthropods are classified into five groups
- _______: Extinct; _____ ______
- __________: Live in oceans, streams, and land; crabs, lobsters, _______
- _________: Have specialized ________ ________; scorpions, _____
- ______: __% of all animals species; diverse; live on land; _ legs; ____
- __________: Long bodies; many legs; ________, millipedes
Trilobites; bottom feeders; Crustaceans; pillbugs; Chelicerates; daggerlike mouthparts; spiders; Insects; 80; 6; bees; Myriapods; centipedes
Joints are made of the stiff, flexible _____ and allow _______
cuticle; movement
The exoskeleton is made of many layers of _____; must ___ in order for _____ to occur
chitin; shed; growth
An exoskeleton makes important functions like _______, ______, and maintaining internal and external ________ difficult
movement; growth; equilibrium
The oldest fossils are of trilobites that date back to ___ million years
540
The ________ relationship between arthropods and other invertebrates remains under question
evolutionary
Based on similarities, scientists believe that arthropods are most closely related to the _____ ____; both groups have _______ bodies; _______ evidence suggests segmentation was evolved _________
annelid worms; segmented; molecular; independently
______ ____ & _____ ____ are considered the closest relatives of arthropods
Velvet worms; water bears
________: Group of arthropods that have _ distinct body sections, a hard _________, two pairs of ________, and one pair of ________ per segment
Crustaceans; 2; exoskeleton; antennae; appendages
__________: Region of an organism in which the head and trunk region are combined into one long section
Cephalothorax
______: Refers to the rear portion of the organism
Abdomen
The cephalothorax is covered by a shieldlike section of cuticle called the ______ (covers sides of the body and protects gills)
carapace
Crustacean _______ are used for a variety of functions
- Collecting and manipulating ____
- Attracting ____
- ________
appendages; food; mates; protection
All crustaceans have two pairs of _______, they are used to smell ____, locate _____, and avoid ________
antennae; food; mates; predators
Crustaceans have _______: highly adapted _________ that crush food
mandibles; appendages
Appendages like ______ ___ allow crustaceans to move
walking legs
Appendages called _______ are there to help the crustacean swim
swimmerets
Crustaceans vary in both ______ and ______
anatomy; structure
