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Sonography > Chapter 24 > Flashcards

Chapter 24 Flashcards

1
Q

bandlike flat tendons connecting the process of the scapula

A

aponeurosis

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2
Q

saclike structure containing thick fluid that surrounds areas subject to friction, such as the interface between bone and tendon

A

bursa

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3
Q

covering of a nerve that consists of connective tissue

A

epineurium

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4
Q

small bundle of muscles, nerves, and tendons

A

fasciculi

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5
Q

fibrous band of tissue connecting bone or cartilage to bone that aids in stabilizing a joint

A

ligament

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6
Q

type of tissue consisting of contractile cells or fibers that affects movement of an organ or part of the body

A

muscle

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7
Q

substance forming the sheath of Schwann cells

A

myelin

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8
Q

a feather-like pattern of muscle growth

A

pennate

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9
Q

connective tissue that surrounds muscle

A

perineurium

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10
Q

membrane surrounding a joint, tendon, or bursa that secretes a viscous fluid called synovia

A

synovial sheath

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11
Q

fibrous tissue connecting muscle to bone

A

tendon

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12
Q

the anterior portion of the body when in the anatomic position

A

volar

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13
Q

the joint found in the shoulder that connects the clavicle to the acromion process of the scapula

A

acromioclavicular joint

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14
Q

the quality of comprising varying of a given property when measured in different directions

A

anisotropy

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15
Q

conduit for impulses sent to and from the muscles and the central nervous system

A

nerve

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16
Q

posterior linear equidistant artifact created when sound reverberates between two strong reflectors, such as air bubbles, metal, and glass

A

comet tail artifact

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17
Q

upward movement of the hand and foot

A

dorsiflexion

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18
Q

fibrous tunnel that contains the ulnar artery and vein, ulnar nerve, and some fatty tissue

A

Guyon’s canal or tunnel

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19
Q

pointing of the toes toward the planter surface of the foot

A

platers flexion

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20
Q

the bending of the sound beam at the edge of a circular structure that results in the absence of posterior echoes

A

refractile shadowing

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21
Q

accumulation of serous fluid within tissue

A

seroma

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22
Q

inflammation of the tendon

A

tendinitis

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23
Q

skeletal muscle contains long organized units called muscle ______.

A

fibers

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24
Q

the characteristic long fibers are under voluntary control, allowing us to contract a ______ and move a joint.

A

muscle

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25
Q

a ______ muscle has a division of several feather-like sections in one muscle, and the ______ is the convergence of fibers to a central tendon.

A

multipennate, circumpennate

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26
Q

the attachment of the muscle that occurs at the proximal and distal portion of the bundle is called a ______.

A

tendon

27
Q

tendons occur with or without a ______ sheath.

A

synovial

28
Q

the sheath surrounding a tendon has two layers, the fluid separates the layers in this part of the body:

A

shoulder, hand, wrist, and ankle

29
Q

short bands of tough fibers that connect bones to other bones are ______.

A

ligaments

30
Q

the saclike structure surrounding joints and tendons that contains a viscous fluid is the ______.

A

bursa

31
Q

the knee joint has ______ bursa.

A

nine

32
Q

a loose areolar connective tissue that fills the fascial compartment of the tendon lacking a synovial sheath is a ______.

A

paratenon

33
Q

the dense ______ is another layer of connective tissue that closely adjoins the tendon.

A

epitendineum

34
Q

interwoven and interconnected collagen fibers found in the tendon run in a ______ path.

A

parallel

35
Q

the proximal portion of the muscle is considered the ______, whereas the ______ is the distal end.

A

origin, insertion

36
Q

the normal nerve has a ______ appearance when compared with muscle, but it is ______ to tendons.

A

hyperechoic, hypoechoic

37
Q

the minute amount of viscous fluid contained within the bursa helps reduce ______ between the moving parts of the joint.

A

friction

38
Q

echogenic line on the anterior surface of the cartilage surrounding the humeral head.

A

cartilage interface sign

39
Q

hypoechoic hematoma found at the end of a completely retracted muscle fragment

A

clapper-in-the-bell sign

40
Q

the deltoid muscle is one the humeral head; seen with a full-thickness tear of the rotator cuff

A

naked tuberosity sign

41
Q

increased in wrist compression caused by hyperflexion of the wrist for 60 seconds

A

Phalen’s sign

42
Q

test used to evaluate the integrity of the Achilles tendon that involves plantar flexion with squeezing of the calf

A

Thompson’s test

43
Q

pins and needles type of tingling felt distally to a percussion site and either a normal or abnormal occurrence

A

Tinel’s sign

44
Q

to begin the examination of the biceps, place the patient with a slight ______ rotation of the shoulder.

A

internal

45
Q

when facing the patient and imaging the right shoulder, the lateral anatomy displays on the ______ side of the image and the medial anatomy on the ______ side of the screen.

A

left, right

46
Q

the grove located between the greater and lesser tuberosities, coupled with the overlying transverse ligament, maintains the ______ tendon location.

A

biceps

47
Q

using the biceps tendon as a landmark, angle the transducer ______ to locate the subscapularis tendon.

A

anteromedially

48
Q

the bandlike tendon that has a medium level echotexture is the ______ tendon and originates from the greater tuberosity of the humerus.

A

supraspinatus

49
Q

a good landmark to help find the anteriorly located infraspinatus tendon is the posterior ______.

A

glenoid labrum

50
Q

fluid imaged ______ to the infraspinatus tendon indicates bursa fluid, whereas ______ fluid indicates joint effusion.

A

superficial, posterior

51
Q

the carpal tunnel is located between the ______ bones and the ______ retinaculum on the palmar side of the wrist.

A

carpal, flexor

52
Q

the ulnar artery and veins indicates the medial border of the carpal tunnel, whereas the most lateral structure is the ______ artery and veins

A

radial

53
Q

the tendon that connects the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles to the calcaneus is the ______ tendon

A

Achilles

54
Q

the dislocation of the biceps tendon from the bicipital groove may be due to a problem with

A

transverse humeral ligament, abnormal development of the bicipital groove, supraspinatus or subscapularis tears

55
Q

the ______ thickness tear involves either the bursal or articular cuff surface or the intrasubstance material.

A

partial

56
Q

the presence of large amounts of fluid in the subacromial-subdeltoid bursa raises the chance of a nonvisualized ______ tear.

A

full-thickness

57
Q

the normal tendon cannot be compressed; however, the injured tendon ______ as the torn edges move apart.

A

flattens

58
Q

joint effusion around the biceps tendon combined with subacromial-subdeltoid bursitis results in the ______.

A

double-effusion

59
Q

acute tendinitis involves not only the tendon but the surrounding ______ sheath.

A

synovial

60
Q

the normal synovial sheath appears as a hypochoic ______ around the tendon

A

halo

61
Q

the abrupt stretching of the muscle beyond the maximum length results in a ______ tear.

A

distraction

62
Q

external force resulting in a crush injury is considered a ______ tear

A

compression

63
Q

a Bakers cyst is an example of an ______ bursa in the medical popliteal fossa.

A

communicating

Sonography (7 decks)

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