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Sonography > Chapter 23 > Flashcards

Chapter 23 Flashcards

1
Q

an extension of the internal oblique muscle that descends to the testis with the spermatic cord.

A

cremasteric muscle

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2
Q

connect the seminal vesicle and the vas deferens to the urethra at the verumontanum.

A

ejaculatory ducts

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3
Q

anatomic structure formed by the network of ducts leaving the mediastinum testis that combine into a single, convoluted epididymal tubule.

A

epididymis

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4
Q

central linear structure formed by the convergence of multiple, thin septations within the testicles, which are invaginations of the tunica albuginea.

A

mediastinum testis

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5
Q

plexus of veins in the spermatic cord that drain into the right and left testicular veins.

A

pampiniform plexus

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6
Q

partially supply the scrotal wall and epididymis and occasionally the lower pole of the testis.

A

pudendal artery

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7
Q

sac containing the testis and epididymis.

A

scrotum

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8
Q

reservoirs for sperm located posterior to the bladder.

A

seminal vesicles

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9
Q

multiple septa form the tunica albuginea that course toward the mediastinum testis and separate the testicle into lobules.

A

septa testis

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10
Q

structure made up of vas deferens, testicular artery, cremasteric artery, and pampiniform plexus that suspends the testis in the scrotum.

A

spermatic cord

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11
Q

male gonad that produces hormones that induce masculine features and spermatozoa.

A

testicle

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12
Q

artery arising from the aorta just distal to each renal artery.

A

testicular artery

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13
Q

inner fibrous membrane surrounding the testicle.

A

tunica albuginea

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14
Q

membrane consisting of a visceral layer and a perietal layer lining the inner wall of the scrotum.

A

tunica vaginalis

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15
Q

small membrane canal that extends from the bladder to the end of the penis.

A

urethra

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16
Q

tube that connects the epididymis to the seminal vesicle.

A

vas deferens

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17
Q

junction of the ejaculatory ducts with the urethra.

A

verumontanum

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18
Q

terminal intratesticular arteries arising from the capsular arteries.

A

centripetal artery

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19
Q

small artery arising from the inferior epigastric artery, which supplies the peritesticular tissue, including the cremasteric muscle.

A

cremasteric artery

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20
Q

arises from the vesicle artery and supplies the vas deferens and epididymis.

A

deferential artery

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21
Q

terminal ends of the centripetal arteries that curve backward toward the capsule.

A

recurrent rami

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22
Q

formed by the pampiniform plexus.

A

testicular vein

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23
Q

testicles remain within the abdomen or groin and fail to descend into the scrotal sac.

A

cryptorchidism

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24
Q

cyst filled with clear, serous fluid located in the epididymis.

A

epididymal cyst

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25
Q

inflammation of the epididymis.

A

epididymitis

26
Q

blood located between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis.

A

hematocele

27
Q

fluid formed between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis.

A

hydrocele

28
Q

pus located between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis.

A

pyocele

29
Q

network of the channels formed by the convergence of the straight seminiferous tubules in the mediastinum testis.

A

rete testis

30
Q

cyst in the vas deferens containing sperm.

A

spermatocele

31
Q

dilated veins in the pampiniform plexus caused by obstruction of the venous return from the testicle.

A

varicocele

32
Q

the testes are symmetric, oval-shaped glands residing in the ______.

A

scrotum

33
Q

the seminiferous tubules converge at the apex of each lobule and anastomose to form the ______ in the mediastinum.

A

rete testis

34
Q

the largest part of the epididymis is the ______.

A

head

35
Q

the ductus epididymis becomes the ______, measuring 6 to 15 mm in width.

A

vas deferens

36
Q

the testis is completely covered by a dense, fibrous tissue termed the ______.

A

tunica albuginea

37
Q

the ______ supports the ducts coursing within the testis.

A

mediastinum

38
Q

the space between the layers of the tunica vaginalis is where ______ can form.

A

hydroceles

39
Q

the ______ is a continuation of the ductus ______.

A

vas deferens, epididymis

40
Q

the vas deferens dilates at the terminal portion near ______.

A

seminal vesicles

41
Q

right and left testicular arteries arise from the ______ just below the level of the renal arteries.

A

abdominal aorta

42
Q

venous drainage of the scrotum occurs through the veins of the ______ plexus.

A

pampiniform

43
Q

power Doppler is often used as a way to quickly get to a sensitive setting that will demonstrate ______ flow.

A

slow

44
Q

the most important goal of the ultrasound examination is testicular trauma is to determine if ______ has occurred.

A

rupture

45
Q

an acute hematocele is ______ with numerous, highly visible echoes that can be seen to float or move in real time.

A

echogenic

46
Q

the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in adults is ______ infection of the epididymis and testis.

A

epididymo-orchitis

47
Q

the normal epididymis shows ______ flow with color Doppler.

A

little

48
Q

with epididymitis, Doppler waveforms demonstrate ______ velocities in both systole and diastole.

A

increased

49
Q

hydroceles are found around the ______ aspect of the testis.

A

anterolateral

50
Q

______ of the spermatic cord occurs as a result of abnormal mobility of the testis within the scrotum.

A

torsion

51
Q

the ______ anomaly occurs when the tunica vaginalis completely surrounds the testis, epididymis, and distal spermatic cord, allowing them to move and rotate freely within the scrotum.

A

bell clapper

52
Q

torsion is the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in ______.

A

adolescents

53
Q

an ______ of perfusion in the symptomatic testis with normal perfusion demonstrated in the asymptomatic side is considered to be diagnostic of torsion.

A

absence

54
Q

extratesticular cysts are found in the tunica ______ or epididymis.

A

albuginea

55
Q

______ are usually caused by incompetent venous valves within the spermatic vein.

A

varicoceles

56
Q

omental hernias appears ______ because of the omental fat.

A

echogenic

57
Q

an ______ contains serous fluid and is the most common cause of painless scrotal swelling.

A

hydrocele

58
Q

testicular cancer occurs most frequently between the ages of ______ years.

A

20 to 34

59
Q

patients with ______ testes are 2.5 to 8 times more likely to develop cancer.

A

undescended

60
Q

these masses called ______ are usually benign, where as ______ masses are more likely to be malignant.

A

extratesticular, intratesticular

61
Q

the term ______ describes a condition in which the testis has not descended into the scrotum and cannot be brought into the scrotum with external manipulation.

A

undescended testis or cryptorchidism

Sonography (7 decks)

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