Chapter 23 Flashcards
an extension of the internal oblique muscle that descends to the testis with the spermatic cord.
cremasteric muscle
connect the seminal vesicle and the vas deferens to the urethra at the verumontanum.
ejaculatory ducts
anatomic structure formed by the network of ducts leaving the mediastinum testis that combine into a single, convoluted epididymal tubule.
epididymis
central linear structure formed by the convergence of multiple, thin septations within the testicles, which are invaginations of the tunica albuginea.
mediastinum testis
plexus of veins in the spermatic cord that drain into the right and left testicular veins.
pampiniform plexus
partially supply the scrotal wall and epididymis and occasionally the lower pole of the testis.
pudendal artery
sac containing the testis and epididymis.
scrotum
reservoirs for sperm located posterior to the bladder.
seminal vesicles
multiple septa form the tunica albuginea that course toward the mediastinum testis and separate the testicle into lobules.
septa testis
structure made up of vas deferens, testicular artery, cremasteric artery, and pampiniform plexus that suspends the testis in the scrotum.
spermatic cord
male gonad that produces hormones that induce masculine features and spermatozoa.
testicle
artery arising from the aorta just distal to each renal artery.
testicular artery
inner fibrous membrane surrounding the testicle.
tunica albuginea
membrane consisting of a visceral layer and a perietal layer lining the inner wall of the scrotum.
tunica vaginalis
small membrane canal that extends from the bladder to the end of the penis.
urethra
tube that connects the epididymis to the seminal vesicle.
vas deferens
junction of the ejaculatory ducts with the urethra.
verumontanum
terminal intratesticular arteries arising from the capsular arteries.
centripetal artery
small artery arising from the inferior epigastric artery, which supplies the peritesticular tissue, including the cremasteric muscle.
cremasteric artery
arises from the vesicle artery and supplies the vas deferens and epididymis.
deferential artery
terminal ends of the centripetal arteries that curve backward toward the capsule.
recurrent rami
formed by the pampiniform plexus.
testicular vein
testicles remain within the abdomen or groin and fail to descend into the scrotal sac.
cryptorchidism
cyst filled with clear, serous fluid located in the epididymis.
epididymal cyst
inflammation of the epididymis.
epididymitis
blood located between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis.
hematocele
fluid formed between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis.
hydrocele
pus located between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis.
pyocele
network of the channels formed by the convergence of the straight seminiferous tubules in the mediastinum testis.
rete testis
cyst in the vas deferens containing sperm.
spermatocele
dilated veins in the pampiniform plexus caused by obstruction of the venous return from the testicle.
varicocele
the testes are symmetric, oval-shaped glands residing in the ______.
scrotum
the seminiferous tubules converge at the apex of each lobule and anastomose to form the ______ in the mediastinum.
rete testis
the largest part of the epididymis is the ______.
head
the ductus epididymis becomes the ______, measuring 6 to 15 mm in width.
vas deferens
the testis is completely covered by a dense, fibrous tissue termed the ______.
tunica albuginea
the ______ supports the ducts coursing within the testis.
mediastinum
the space between the layers of the tunica vaginalis is where ______ can form.
hydroceles
the ______ is a continuation of the ductus ______.
vas deferens, epididymis
the vas deferens dilates at the terminal portion near ______.
seminal vesicles
right and left testicular arteries arise from the ______ just below the level of the renal arteries.
abdominal aorta
venous drainage of the scrotum occurs through the veins of the ______ plexus.
pampiniform
power Doppler is often used as a way to quickly get to a sensitive setting that will demonstrate ______ flow.
slow
the most important goal of the ultrasound examination is testicular trauma is to determine if ______ has occurred.
rupture
an acute hematocele is ______ with numerous, highly visible echoes that can be seen to float or move in real time.
echogenic
the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in adults is ______ infection of the epididymis and testis.
epididymo-orchitis
the normal epididymis shows ______ flow with color Doppler.
little
with epididymitis, Doppler waveforms demonstrate ______ velocities in both systole and diastole.
increased
hydroceles are found around the ______ aspect of the testis.
anterolateral
______ of the spermatic cord occurs as a result of abnormal mobility of the testis within the scrotum.
torsion
the ______ anomaly occurs when the tunica vaginalis completely surrounds the testis, epididymis, and distal spermatic cord, allowing them to move and rotate freely within the scrotum.
bell clapper
torsion is the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in ______.
adolescents
an ______ of perfusion in the symptomatic testis with normal perfusion demonstrated in the asymptomatic side is considered to be diagnostic of torsion.
absence
extratesticular cysts are found in the tunica ______ or epididymis.
albuginea
______ are usually caused by incompetent venous valves within the spermatic vein.
varicoceles
omental hernias appears ______ because of the omental fat.
echogenic
an ______ contains serous fluid and is the most common cause of painless scrotal swelling.
hydrocele
testicular cancer occurs most frequently between the ages of ______ years.
20 to 34
patients with ______ testes are 2.5 to 8 times more likely to develop cancer.
undescended
these masses called ______ are usually benign, where as ______ masses are more likely to be malignant.
extratesticular, intratesticular
the term ______ describes a condition in which the testis has not descended into the scrotum and cannot be brought into the scrotum with external manipulation.
undescended testis or cryptorchidism
