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Vascular Boards > Chapter 23: Venous testing > Flashcards

Chapter 23: Venous testing Flashcards

1
Q

findings of DVT

A

swelling
pain
redness
warmth

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2
Q

differential diagnosis of DVT include

A 
muscle strain
injury 
muscle tear
bakers cyst
cellulitis
lymphagitis
heart failure
extrinsic compression
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3
Q

Most common finding of chronic venous disease

A 
swelling
heaviness
discoloration
ulcers
varicosities
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4
Q

edema

A

fluid accumulation

induration of tissue

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5
Q

ereythema

A

redness, inflammation

cellulitis

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6
Q

brownish discoloration of skin

A

brawny

venous stasis leg to ankle area (gaiter zone)

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7
Q

pallor

A

arterial spasms

called phlegmasia alba dolens

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8
Q

cyanosis

A

severely reduced venous outflow from iliofemoral thrombosis

phlegmasia cerulea dolens

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9
Q

phlegmasia alba dolens

A

arterial spasm due to iliofemoral thrombosis

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10
Q

phlegmasia cerulea dolens

A

cyanosis due to severely reduced venous outflow from iliofemoral thrombosis

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11
Q

venous ulcer location

A

near medial malleolus

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12
Q

arterial ulcer location

A

tibial area
toes
bony prominence

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13
Q

venous ulcer appearance

A

shallow

irregular in shape

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14
Q

arterial ulcer appearance

A

deep
regular shape
punched out appearance

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15
Q

venous ulcer skin changes

A 
inflammation
infection
brawny discoloration
varicosities
lipodermatosclerosis
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16
Q

arterial ulcers skin changes

A 
dryness
scaly
atrophy
shiny skin
loss of hair
thickened toenails
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17
Q

venous ulcer pain

A

mild

18
Q

arterial ulcer pain

A

severe

19
Q

venous ulcers and bleeding

A

venous ooze

20
Q

arterial ulcers and bleeding

A

little

21
Q

pitting edema

A

fluid in subcutaneous tissue

depression of skin surface with manual pressure

22
Q

pitting edema causes

A

fluid retention
CHF
elevated venous pressure

23
Q

lymphadema

A

fluid accumulations when lymph nodes and vessels are removed of damaged
seen after cancer surgery
non pitting edema

24
Q

virchows triad

A

trauma to vessel/endothelial vessel
venous stasis
hypercoadulability

25
Q

paget schroetter syndrome (trauma to vessel)

A

stress/effort thrombosis
axillary or subclavian vein
venous component of TOS

26
Q

venous stasis

A 
immobility
obesity
pregnancy
previous dvt
extrinsic compression
27
Q

superior vena cava syndrome

A

obstruction (neoplasm, lines)
edema and engorgement of vessels evident
pt may cough/ SOB
flow in UE remains the same during inspiration (continuous flow)

28
Q

hypercoagulability

A 
protein deficiencies
pregnancy
cancer
hormones
estrogen intake
29
Q

intraluminal thrombi frequently begin at

A

valve cusps

soleal sinus

30
Q

chronic venous insufficiency

A

stretching of walls due to DVT results in damage to valves

increased venous pressure causes flow changes

31
Q

Post-phlebitis syndrome

A

chronic flow changes result in persistent edema, stasis, pain
may lead to ulceration

32
Q

valvular incompetence

A

valves no longer maintain unidirectional flow

calf muscle pump no longer forces blood towards heart or from superficial system to deep

33
Q

results of valvular incompetence

A

increase pressure/venous hypertension
varicosities
fluid may leak into surrounding fluid causing brawny appearance
ulceration

34
Q

ambulatory venous hypertension is

A

increasing pressure when patient stands or walks

35
Q

primary varicose veins

A

dilated secondary to valvular incompetence of superficial system
deep system intact

36
Q

secondary varicose veins

A

dilated veins caused by incompetence of superficial system
results from deep venous obstruction
deep system not intact

37
Q

portal hypertension is

A

elevated venous pressure from obstruction of blood flow

38
Q

portal hypertension may result in

A

reverse flow in portal vein and increased portal venous pressure that impedes blood flow into liver

39
Q

klippel-trenaunay

A

multiple varicosities of superifical system

hypoplastic or absent deep veins

40
Q

renal cell carcinoma

A

MC renal mass in adults

most common cause of IVC tumor

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