Chapter 16: Cerebrovascular Gross Anatomy

Question 1

the right CCA is a branch off of the

Answer 1

innominate/brachiocephalic trunk

Question 2

the left cca is a branch off of the

Answer 2

aortic arch

Question 3

the majority of blood flow into the

Answer 3

internal carotid artery

Question 4

the ICA originates from the

Answer 4

CCA

Question 5

the ICA travels into the

Answer 5

base of skull without branching

Question 6

the ICA branches are

Answer 6

ophthalmic artery

posterior communicating artery

Question 7

the ophthalmic artery originates

Answer 7

near the carotid siphon, a significant curve of ICA

Question 8

the ICA terminates in the

Answer 8

midder cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery

Question 9

the ICA distributes blood to a

Answer 9

low resistance vascular bed

Question 10

the ECA originates from the

Answer 10

CCA

Question 11

the ECA has how many branches

Answer 11

8

Question 12

the first branch of the ECA is the

Answer 12

superior thyroid artery

Question 13

the ECA distributes blood to

Answer 13

a high resistance vascular bed

Question 14

the vertebral arteries are the first branch off of the

Answer 14

subclavian artery

Question 15

the ____ vertebral artery is usually smaller than the ____

Answer 15

right is usually smaller than the left

Question 16

the vertebral arteries unite where to form what

Answer 16

unite after entering base of skull

unite to form basilar artery

Question 17

basilar artery is formed by

Answer 17

confluence of vertebral arteries

Question 18

the basilar artery divides into

Answer 18

posterior cerebral arteries

Question 19

circle of willis includes

Answer 19

distal ICA, anterior cerebral arteries joined together by the anterior communicating artery
posterior cerebral arteries joined together by the posterior communicating arteries

Question 20

the supraorbital artery arises from the

Answer 20

ophthalmic artery

Question 21

the supraorbital artery travels

Answer 21

anterior and superiorly to the globe

Question 22

the supraorbital artery joins the

Answer 22

ECA via some of its branches (superficial temporal artery)

Question 23

the frontal artery arises from

Answer 23

ophthalmic artery

Question 24

the frontal artery exits

Answer 24

the orbit medially to supply mid-forehead

Question 25

the frontal artery joins

Answer 25

ECA

Question 26

what is the largest intra-arterial connection

Answer 26

circle of willis

Question 27

ECA-ICA anastomosis

Answer 27

via orbital and ophthalmic arteries

Question 28

occipital branch of ECA anast with

Answer 28

atlantic branch of vertebral

Question 29

subclavian artery to lower vertebral artery

Answer 29

deep cervical and ascending cervical branches of subclavian to branches of lower vertebral artery

Question 30

velocity increases

Answer 30

pressure decreases

Question 31

pressure increases

Answer 31

velocity decreases

Question 32

poiseuilles law combined wth resistance equation

Answer 32

``` Q = (P) pie r4 / 8nL Q= quantity of flow P=pressure gradient r= radius of vessel n= viscosity l= length of vessel ```

Question 33

quantity flow is directly related to

Answer 33

pressure and radius of vessel

Question 34

flow is inversely related to

Answer 34

viscosity and length of vessel

Question 35

what happens to velocity in a stenosis

Answer 35

velocity acceleration

Question 36

acceleration causes

Answer 36

increased energy loss

Question 37

blood flow must change what as the flowstream narrows entering a stenosis

Answer 37

must change direction

Question 38

at stenosis exit what is pressent

Answer 38

eddy currents turbulence vortices that cause energy loss through inertia